Q: Which equation correctly represents aerobic cellular respiration?

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\ \mathrm{O_2$} \rightarrow 6\ \mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\ \mathrm{H_2O} + \text{energy (ATP)}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the structure and function of the phospholipid bilayer shown in the first image?

Accepted Answer

It is composed of hydrophilic heads facing outward and hydrophobic tails facing inward, creating a selectively permeable barrier.

Question 2

Which type of molecules can most easily cross the phospholipid bilayer without the help of transport proteins?

Accepted Answer

Small, nonpolar molecules such as $$\mathrm{O_2$}$$ and $$\mathrm{CO_2$}$$

Question 3

Refer to the second image. What is the main difference between diffusion and osmosis?

Accepted Answer

Diffusion is the movement of solute particles from high to low concentration, while osmosis is the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane.

Question 4

A red blood cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. What is the most likely outcome?

Accepted Answer

Water will enter the cell by osmosis, causing it to swell and possibly burst.

Question 5

Which equation correctly represents aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\ \mathrm{O_2$} ightarrow 6\ \mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\ \mathrm{H_2O} + 	ext{energy (ATP)}$$

Question 6

Why do cells need to maintain a high surface area-to-volume (SA:V) ratio?

Accepted Answer

To maximize the efficiency of nutrient uptake and waste removal through the cell membrane.

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why oxygen is required for the electron transport chain in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor, allowing the chain to continue and ATP to be produced.

Question 8

A cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. Predict the direction of water movement and the likely result for the cell.

Accepted Answer

Water will move out of the cell, causing it to shrink.

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of negative feedback in the human body?

Accepted Answer

The pancreas releases insulin to lower blood glucose after a meal.

Question 10

Which statement about facilitated diffusion is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is a form of passive transport that uses membrane proteins to move substances down their concentration gradient.

Question 11

Which organelle is responsible for most ATP production in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 12

What is the main function of alveoli in the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

To provide a large surface area for gas exchange between air and blood.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the role of the diaphragm during inhalation?

Accepted Answer

It contracts and moves downward, increasing chest cavity volume and drawing air into the lungs.

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct comparison between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus, while eukaryotic cells have a nucleus.

Question 15

Which process allows water to move across a cell membrane toward a region of higher solute concentration?

Accepted Answer

Osmosis

Question 16

A cell with a low surface area-to-volume ratio is likely to:

Accepted Answer

Have difficulty exchanging materials efficiently with its environment.

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why lead is toxic to the human body?

Accepted Answer

Lead interferes with enzymes and disrupts normal chemical reactions, especially in the nervous system.

Question 18

During prolonged exercise, which of the following is most likely to occur if water is not replaced?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration, which can impair temperature regulation and circulation.

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of positive feedback?

Accepted Answer

Oxytocin intensifies uterine contractions during childbirth.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes dynamic equilibrium in the context of diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Particles continue to move randomly, but there is no net change in concentration across the membrane.

Biology Unit 2: Cell Transport, Structure, Respiration, and Homeostasis

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard