Question 1

Which of the following structures is present in plant cells but absent in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Chloroplast

Question 2

What is the main function of the lysosome in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolyzing macromolecules for recycling

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the DNA found in prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Circular chromosomes located in the nucleoid

Question 4

According to the endosymbiosis theory, which organelles are believed to have originated from free-living bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria and chloroplasts

Question 5

Which of the following is a function of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Providing structural support and facilitating cell movement

Question 6

Which of the following statements about microtubules is correct?

Accepted Answer

They serve as tracks for vesicle transport using motor proteins like kinesin

Question 7

A scientist observes a cell with a stiff cell wall, plasmids, and no nucleus. What type of cell is this most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotic cell

Question 8

Which of the following processes is responsible for dividing animal cells into two during cytokinesis?

Accepted Answer

Actin-myosin interactions

Question 9

Which organelle is the primary site of ATP production in both plant and animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why mitochondria and chloroplasts contain their own DNA?

Accepted Answer

They originated from free-living bacteria through endosymbiosis

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a component of the endomembrane system?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 12

Which cytoskeletal element is primarily responsible for maintaining the cell’s shape and is found just inside the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Actin filaments (microfilaments)

Question 13

A mutation disrupts the function of acid hydrolases in a cell. Which organelle’s function would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Lysosome

Question 14

Which of the following statements about intermediate filaments is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

They provide structural support and help hold the nucleus in place

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the function of the Golgi apparatus?

Accepted Answer

Processing and packaging proteins and lipids

Question 16

Which of the following is a key difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles, prokaryotic cells do not

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why actin filaments are important for cytoplasmic streaming in plant cells?

Accepted Answer

They interact with myosin to move organelles and cytoplasm

Question 18

A cell is observed to be packed with rough endoplasmic reticulum. What is the most likely function of this cell?

Accepted Answer

Protein secretion

Question 19

Which of the following equations correctly represents the process of ATP production in mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

$$ 	ext{C}_6	ext{H}_{12}	ext{O}_6 + 6	ext{O}_2 ightarrow 6	ext{CO}_2 + 6	ext{H}_2	ext{O} + 	ext{ATP} $$

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the role of kinesin in the cell?

Accepted Answer

It moves vesicles along microtubules using ATP

Inside the Cell: Structure and Function of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

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