Q: Which equation correctly represents the movement of water during osmosis?

$$\text{Water moves from low [solute] (high [H_2O]) to high [solute] (low [H_2O])}$$

Question 1

Which type of membrane transport protein moves a single type of molecule down its concentration gradient without the use of energy?

Accepted Answer

Uniporter

Question 2

A red blood cell is placed in a solution and swells until it bursts. Which type of solution was the cell placed in, and what is the direction of water movement?

Accepted Answer

Hypotonic; water moves into the cell

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the function of a symporter?

Accepted Answer

Transports two different molecules in the same direction, one down and one against its gradient

Question 4

What is the main difference between facilitated diffusion and active transport?

Accepted Answer

Active transport requires energy input, while facilitated diffusion does not

Question 5

Which equation correctly represents the movement of water during osmosis?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Water moves from low [solute] (high [H_2O]) to high [solute] (low [H_2O])}$$

Question 6

A plant cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. What will happen to the cell and why?

Accepted Answer

It will become turgid because water enters the cell

Question 7

Which of the following is true about antiporters?

Accepted Answer

They move two molecules in opposite directions, one down and one against its gradient

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the role of a ligand-gated ion channel?

Accepted Answer

It opens when a specific molecule binds to it, changing its shape

Question 9

During the resting state of a voltage-gated ion channel, what is the position of the activation and inactivation gates?

Accepted Answer

Activation gate closed, inactivation gate open

Question 10

Which of the following processes requires energy input from ATP?

Accepted Answer

Primary active transport

Question 11

A cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. Predict the net movement of water and the likely effect on an animal cell.

Accepted Answer

Water moves out of the cell; the cell shrinks

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of secondary active transport?

Accepted Answer

Sodium-glucose symporter

Question 13

What is the main function of aquaporins in the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Facilitate the diffusion of water

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the electrochemical gradient?

Accepted Answer

A difference in both ion concentration and electrical charge across a membrane

Question 15

Which process is described as the cell taking in molecules and particulate matter by forming new vesicles from the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Endocytosis

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a type of endocytosis?

Accepted Answer

Exocytosis

Question 17

A patient is given an intravenous solution that is hypotonic relative to their blood plasma. What is the most likely effect on their red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

Cells will swell and may lyse

Question 18

Which of the following statements about carrier proteins is correct?

Accepted Answer

They can transport polar molecules across the membrane

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why facilitated diffusion is necessary for glucose transport into cells?

Accepted Answer

Glucose is polar and cannot cross the lipid bilayer without a protein

Question 20

Which of the following is true regarding the direction of movement for molecules in primary active transport?

Accepted Answer

Molecules move against their concentration gradient using ATP

Membrane Transport and Osmosis: Structure and Function in Cells

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