Question 1

Which stage of mitosis is depicted in the diagram showing chromosomes aligned at the cell's equator?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase

Question 2

During metaphase of mitosis, what key event ensures the production of two genetically identical daughter cells?

Accepted Answer

Chromosomes align at the metaphase plate, ensuring each new cell receives an identical set.

Question 3

If a cell contains 9.6 units of DNA during metaphase, how many units of DNA will each daughter cell have after mitosis is complete?

Accepted Answer

$$4.8$$

Question 4

If the same cell (with 9.6 units of DNA) undergoes meiosis instead of mitosis, how many units of DNA would you expect to find in each gamete after meiosis is complete?

Accepted Answer

$$2.4$$

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the process that leads to an extra chromosome 21 in Down's syndrome during gamete formation?

Accepted Answer

Non-disjunction during meiosis

Question 6

How does fertilization contribute to the development of Down's syndrome in a child?

Accepted Answer

A gamete with an extra chromosome 21 fuses with a normal gamete, resulting in three copies of chromosome 21 in the zygote.

Question 7

Which of the following equations correctly represents the reduction in chromosome number during meiosis?

Accepted Answer

$$2n 	o n$$

Question 8

A cell with 46 chromosomes undergoes mitosis. How many chromosomes will each daughter cell have?

Accepted Answer

$$46$$

Question 9

A cell with 46 chromosomes undergoes meiosis. How many chromosomes will each gamete have?

Accepted Answer

$$23$$

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why daughter cells produced by mitosis are genetically identical to the parent cell?

Accepted Answer

DNA replication occurs before the cell divides, and each daughter cell receives an exact copy.

Question 11

Which of the following is a direct consequence of non-disjunction during meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Some gametes have an extra chromosome, while others are missing one.

Question 12

If a gamete with an extra chromosome 21 (as a result of non-disjunction) fuses with a normal gamete, what is the resulting karyotype for chromosome 21 in the zygote?

Accepted Answer

Trisomy 21

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the difference between mitosis and meiosis in terms of genetic variation?

Accepted Answer

Meiosis increases genetic variation through crossing over and independent assortment.

Question 14

A patient is diagnosed with Down's syndrome. Which chromosomal abnormality is most likely present in their karyotype?

Accepted Answer

An extra chromosome 21

Question 15

Which of the following processes occurs during anaphase of mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Sister chromatids are separated and pulled to opposite poles.

Mitosis, Meiosis, and Chromosomal Disorders Study Guidance

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

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