Q: Which equation correctly represents the calculation of solute concentration in molarity ($$M$$)?

$$M = \frac{\text{moles of solute}}{\text{volume of solution in liters}}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes osmosis?

Accepted Answer

The movement of water molecules from an area of low solute concentration to high solute concentration across a selectively permeable membrane.

Question 2

A dialysis tubing bag containing glucose and starch is placed in a beaker of water and iodine-potassium iodide (I2KI). After 30 minutes, the solution inside the bag turns blue-black. What does this indicate?

Accepted Answer

Iodine diffused into the bag and reacted with starch.

Question 3

Which equation correctly represents the calculation of solute concentration in molarity ($$M$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$M = \frac{	ext{moles of solute}}{	ext{volume of solution in liters}}$$

Question 4

A plant cell is placed in a 0.6 M sucrose solution. After 30 minutes, the cell appears plasmolyzed. What can you conclude about the solution?

Accepted Answer

The solution is hypertonic to the cell.

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why animal cells burst in pure water but plant cells do not?

Accepted Answer

Plant cells have a cell wall that prevents excessive expansion.

Question 6

In the experiment with potato cores placed in different molarities of sucrose solution, what is the expected outcome for the core in 0.0 M solution?

Accepted Answer

The potato core will gain mass due to water uptake.

Question 7

Which of the following statements about diffusion is correct?

Accepted Answer

Diffusion is the passive movement of molecules from high to low concentration.

Question 8

A red blood cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. What will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

It will swell and may burst due to water gain.

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the structure of glucose?

Accepted Answer

A monosaccharide with the formula $$C_6H_{12}O_6$.

Question 10

When reading a metric vernier caliper, which step is performed first?

Accepted Answer

Read the value of the main (stationary) bar scale just to the left of the zero reading on the vernier scale.

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct description of a solution?

Accepted Answer

A mixture where the solute is evenly distributed within the solvent.

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why starch does not diffuse through dialysis tubing but glucose does?

Accepted Answer

Starch molecules are too large to pass through the pores of the tubing.

Question 13

A plant cell in an isotonic solution will:

Accepted Answer

Become flaccid as there is no net movement of water.

Question 14

Which laboratory tool would you use to measure the internal diameter of a small tube most accurately?

Accepted Answer

Metric vernier caliper

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the movement of water in a hypertonic solution?

Accepted Answer

Water moves out of the cell.

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct representation of the chemical structure of starch?

Accepted Answer

A chain of glucose molecules linked by glycosidic bonds.

Question 17

If a cell is placed in a solution and water moves into the cell, what can you infer about the tonicity of the solution?

Accepted Answer

The solution is hypotonic to the cell.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the function of the lipid bilayer in the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

It acts as a selectively permeable barrier, allowing some molecules to pass while blocking others.

Question 19

A student observes plant cells under a microscope after adding a salt solution. The cells appear shrunken and the cell membrane pulls away from the cell wall. What process is being observed?

Accepted Answer

Plasmolysis

Osmosis and Diffusion: Structure, Function, and Laboratory Applications

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