$$6\ \text{CO}_2 + 6\ \text{H}_2\text{O} + \text{Energy} \rightarrow \text{C}_6\text{H}_{12}\text{O}_6 + 6\ \text{O}_2$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the overall chemical equation for photosynthesis, as shown in the first image?

Accepted Answer

$$6\ 	ext{CO}_2 + 6\ 	ext{H}_2	ext{O} + 	ext{Energy} ightarrow 	ext{C}_6	ext{H}_{12}	ext{O}_6 + 6\ 	ext{O}_2$$

Question 2

What is the primary function of chlorophyll in the process of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

To absorb sunlight and convert it into chemical energy

Question 3

Which structure within the chloroplast is responsible for the light reactions of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Thylakoid membrane

Question 4

During the light reactions, what is the fate of the electrons released from the splitting of water?

Accepted Answer

They are used to reduce NADP+ to NADPH

Question 5

Which pigment is primarily responsible for the green color of leaves, as illustrated in the second image?

Accepted Answer

Chlorophyll a

Question 6

Why do leaves appear yellow or orange in the autumn, according to the second image?

Accepted Answer

Carotenoids become visible as chlorophyll is degraded

Question 7

Which of the following best explains the spatial separation of carbon fixation and the Calvin cycle in C4 plants, as shown in the fourth image?

Accepted Answer

Carbon fixation occurs in mesophyll cells, and the Calvin cycle occurs in bundle sheath cells

Question 8

What is the main advantage of the CAM pathway for plants in arid environments, as illustrated in the fourth image?

Accepted Answer

It allows carbon fixation at night, reducing water loss

Question 9

Which molecule acts as the primary electron acceptor in the reaction center of a photosystem?

Accepted Answer

Primary electron acceptor protein

Question 10

In the Calvin cycle, what is the first step, and which enzyme catalyzes it?

Accepted Answer

Carbon fixation catalyzed by rubisco

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a product of the light reactions of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Question 12

What is the role of the proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane during the light reactions?

Accepted Answer

It drives the synthesis of ATP by chemiosmosis

Question 13

Which wavelength of light is most effective in driving photosynthesis, according to the absorption spectrum of chlorophyll a?

Accepted Answer

680 nm (red) and 430 nm (violet-blue)

Question 14

Which process is considered wasteful in plants when O2 substitutes for CO2 in the active site of rubisco?

Accepted Answer

Photorespiration

Question 15

Which of the following statements about the Calvin cycle is correct?

Accepted Answer

It uses ATP and NADPH to reduce CO2 to sugar

Question 16

What is the main difference between C4 and CAM plants regarding carbon fixation?

Accepted Answer

C4 plants separate carbon fixation and the Calvin cycle spatially, while CAM plants separate them temporally

Question 17

Which of the following is a real-world consequence of photosynthesis for heterotrophs?

Accepted Answer

It provides food and oxygen necessary for survival

Question 18

If a plant's stomata are closed during the day in a hot, arid environment, what is the most likely effect on photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis rate decreases due to limited CO2

Question 19

Which molecule is regenerated at the end of the Calvin cycle to allow the cycle to continue?

Accepted Answer

RuBP (ribulose bisphosphate)

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis is the reverse of cellular respiration in terms of reactants and products

Photosynthesis: Structure, Process, and Adaptations

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica