Question 1

Which adaptation allowed amniotes to break their tie to water for reproduction?

Accepted Answer

Shelled amniotic egg

Question 2

The tails of salmon and orcas look similar because they are:

Accepted Answer

Homoplasic structures

Question 3

Which of the following is a key innovation of amniotes that helps prevent water loss?

Accepted Answer

Desiccation-resistant skin

Question 4

Birds and mammals both have a four-chambered heart. What is the primary advantage of this adaptation?

Accepted Answer

Allows for double circulation and separation of oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor blood

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a reptile class included among amniotes?

Accepted Answer

Amphibians

Question 6

Temperature-dependent sex determination is a characteristic of which amniote group?

Accepted Answer

Turtles

Question 7

Which of the following features is unique to birds and aids in flight?

Accepted Answer

All of the above

Question 8

Which two animals are most likely to have the same body temperature in both winter and summer?

Accepted Answer

Eagle and mouse

Question 9

Which of the following is shared by birds and amphibians?

Accepted Answer

Closed circulatory system

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT shared by birds and crocodilians?

Accepted Answer

Endotherms

Question 11

Which mammalian feature is most responsible for the ability to nourish young after birth?

Accepted Answer

Mammary glands

Question 12

Which group of mammals lays eggs and lacks a placenta?

Accepted Answer

Monotremes

Question 13

Which of the following is the least inclusive taxon?

Accepted Answer

Homo

Question 14

What attribute of the amniotic egg is most responsible for aiding the success of the amniote clade?

Accepted Answer

Prevents desiccation of embryo

Question 15

Which of the following statements about primates is correct?

Accepted Answer

Primates have grasping hands, some with opposable thumbs

Question 16

Which of the following is a key trait that distinguishes humans from other apes?

Accepted Answer

Bipedalism

Question 17

Which statement about human evolution is correct?

Accepted Answer

Humans share a common ancestor with chimpanzees

Question 18

Which mammalian clade is characterized by young completing their embryonic development within the uterus, joined to the mother by a complex placenta?

Accepted Answer

Eutherians

Question 19

Which of the following adaptations is most important for water conservation in desert mammals?

Accepted Answer

Juxtamedullary nephrons

Question 20

Which of the following is a homoplasy?

Accepted Answer

The similar tail shape of salmon and orcas

Study Guide: Vertebrates II—Amniotes and Their Evolutionary Innovations

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