Question 1

Which of the following best explains why mitosis results in genetically identical daughter cells?

Accepted Answer

Because sister chromatids, which are identical copies of each chromosome, are separated and distributed to each daughter cell.

Question 2

During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?

Accepted Answer

S phase

Question 3

A scientist observes a cell with a clearly visible metaphase plate and chromosomes aligned at the center. Which stage of mitosis is this cell in?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase

Question 4

Which structure is responsible for attaching chromosomes to the spindle fibers during mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Kinetochore

Question 5

What is the main difference between cytokinesis in plant cells and animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Plant cells form a cell plate from vesicles, while animal cells use a contractile ring to form a cleavage furrow.

Question 6

Which checkpoint in the cell cycle ensures that all chromosomes are properly attached to the spindle before anaphase begins?

Accepted Answer

M checkpoint (spindle checkpoint)

Question 7

If a cell fails to pass the G1 checkpoint, what is the most likely outcome?

Accepted Answer

The cell will exit the cell cycle and enter a non-dividing state called G0.

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the role of cohesins during mitosis?

Accepted Answer

They hold sister chromatids together until anaphase.

Question 9

A cell with 46 chromosomes undergoes mitosis. How many chromosomes will each daughter cell have after cytokinesis?

Accepted Answer

46

Question 10

Which of the following equations correctly represents the chromosome number in somatic cells versus gametes in humans?

Accepted Answer

$$2n = 46 in $$somatic cells; $$n = 23 in $$gametes

Question 11

Which process is responsible for the genetic variation observed in gametes produced by meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Crossing over and independent assortment

Question 12

In binary fission, which of the following events occurs first?

Accepted Answer

Chromosome replication begins at the origin of replication.

Question 13

A researcher observes a cell with two nuclei forming and a developing cell plate. What type of cell and process is most likely being observed?

Accepted Answer

Plant cell during cytokinesis

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the difference between chromatin, chromosome, and chromatid?

Accepted Answer

Chromatin is DNA and protein in a relaxed state, a chromosome is a condensed structure of DNA, and a chromatid is one of two identical halves of a duplicated chromosome.

Question 15

Which phase of mitosis is characterized by the separation of sister chromatids?

Accepted Answer

Anaphase

Question 16

A mutation prevents the formation of the contractile ring during cell division. Which process would be directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Cytokinesis in animal cells

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a function of cell division in multicellular organisms?

Accepted Answer

Production of ATP

Question 18

If a cell spends most of its time in interphase, which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

It is performing normal metabolic activities and preparing for division.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the events of the S phase of interphase?

Accepted Answer

DNA synthesis and chromosome duplication

Question 20

Which of the following statements about the genome is correct?

Accepted Answer

The genome is the complete set of DNA in a cell.

The Cell Cycle: Mechanisms and Regulation of Eukaryotic Cell Division

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard