Question 1

Which type of reaction is illustrated in the first image, where a disaccharide is split into two monosaccharides with the addition of water?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis reaction

Question 2

In the second image, what is the name of the bond formed between two monosaccharides during the synthesis of a disaccharide?

Accepted Answer

Glycosidic linkage

Question 3

According to the third image, which statement best describes the role of enzymes in biological reactions?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes lower the activation energy and are not used up in the reaction.

Question 4

Based on the fourth image, which of the following correctly matches the molecule type with its example?

Accepted Answer

Disaccharide: sucrose

Question 5

Referencing the fifth image, which functional group is found at the end of an aldose sugar?

Accepted Answer

Aldehyde group

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the difference between starch and cellulose, as shown in the images and study materials?

Accepted Answer

Starch is a polymer of glucose with alpha 1-4 linkages; cellulose has beta 1-4 linkages.

Question 7

Which statement about glycogen, as depicted in the seventh image, is correct?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen is a highly branched polymer of glucose found in animals.

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why unsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature, as shown in the twelfth image?

Accepted Answer

They have at least one double bond, causing kinks that prevent tight packing.

Question 9

What is the main structural difference between a phospholipid and a triglyceride, as shown in the tenth and eleventh images?

Accepted Answer

Phospholipids have two fatty acid tails and a phosphate group; triglycerides have three fatty acid tails.

Question 10

Which of the following statements about cholesterol, as shown in the fifteenth image, is correct?

Accepted Answer

Cholesterol is a steroid that is a component of cell membranes and a precursor to other steroids.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the primary structure of a protein, as shown in the sixteenth and seventeenth images?

Accepted Answer

The sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain

Question 12

Which type of bond is formed between two amino acids during protein synthesis, as shown in the eighteenth image?

Accepted Answer

Peptide bond

Question 13

A protein is denatured by high temperature. Which levels of protein structure are most likely disrupted, and which remain intact?

Accepted Answer

Secondary, tertiary, and quaternary disrupted; primary remains intact

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the difference between DNA and RNA, as shown in the study materials?

Accepted Answer

DNA is usually double-stranded and contains deoxyribose; RNA is usually single-stranded and contains ribose.

Question 15

Which of the following correctly matches the nitrogenous base with its classification?

Accepted Answer

Guanine: purine

Question 16

What type of bond links nucleotides together in a single strand of DNA or RNA?

Accepted Answer

Phosphodiester bond

Question 17

A mutation changes a single amino acid in the primary structure of a protein. Which of the following is a possible consequence?

Accepted Answer

Altered protein folding and loss of function

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why cellulose is not digestible by most animals?

Accepted Answer

Cellulose has beta 1-4 glycosidic linkages, which most animals lack enzymes to hydrolyze.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the amphipathic nature of phospholipids and its importance in biological membranes?

Accepted Answer

Phospholipids have both hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails, enabling the formation of bilayers in cell membranes.

Chapter 5

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica