Question 1

Which property of water allows it to moderate temperature changes in organisms and environments, and what is the molecular basis for this property?

Accepted Answer

High specific heat; due to hydrogen bonding between water molecules

Question 2

A scientist is analyzing a graph comparing the growth rates of two plant species under different light conditions. The error bars on the graph represent standard deviation. What does it mean if the error bars for two groups do not overlap?

Accepted Answer

There is likely a statistically significant difference between the groups.

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the difference between hydrolysis and dehydration synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis breaks polymers into monomers by adding a water molecule; dehydration synthesis joins monomers by removing a water molecule.

Question 4

Which of the following is true regarding the structure of proteins?

Accepted Answer

Secondary structure is stabilized primarily by hydrogen bonds between backbone atoms.

Question 5

A mutation causes a single amino acid substitution in the primary structure of a protein. Which of the following is a possible consequence?

Accepted Answer

The protein's tertiary structure may be altered, affecting its function.

Question 6

Which of the following statements about glucose, galactose, and fructose is correct?

Accepted Answer

They have the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements, making them isomers.

Question 7

Which elements are found in all nucleic acids?

Accepted Answer

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why water is an excellent solvent for ionic and polar substances?

Accepted Answer

Water's polarity allows it to surround and separate ions and polar molecules.

Question 9

Which nitrogenous bases are found in DNA but not in RNA?

Accepted Answer

Thymine

Question 10

A researcher is designing an experiment to test the effect of pH on enzyme activity. Which is the independent variable?

Accepted Answer

The pH of the solution

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the behavior of phospholipids in a cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

They form a bilayer with hydrophobic tails facing inward and hydrophilic heads facing outward.

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct base pairing in DNA according to the base pair rule?

Accepted Answer

Adenine pairs with Thymine

Question 13

Which property of water is most directly responsible for the movement of water up a plant's xylem during transpiration?

Accepted Answer

Adhesion to the walls of xylem vessels

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the difference between hydrophilic and hydrophobic R groups in amino acids?

Accepted Answer

Hydrophilic R groups interact favorably with water; hydrophobic R groups avoid water.

Question 15

Which macromolecule is correctly matched with its building blocks?

Accepted Answer

Proteins – amino acids

Question 16

A student is analyzing the following data set: 5, 7, 8, 10, 10. What is the standard deviation of this data set (rounded to the nearest tenth)? Use the formula $$\sigma = \sqrt{\frac{\sum (x_i - \mu)^2$}{N}}$$ where $$\mu is $$the mean.

Accepted Answer

2.0

Question 17

Which of the following statements about organic compounds is correct?

Accepted Answer

They always contain carbon and hydrogen.

Question 18

Which sugar forms the backbone of DNA?

Accepted Answer

Deoxyribose

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why ice floats on liquid water?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds in ice keep water molecules farther apart, making ice less dense than liquid water.

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct statement about the elements found in proteins?

Accepted Answer

Proteins contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen.

Unit 1 Study Guide: Water, Biomolecules, and Biological Macromolecules

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard