Q: A green laser emits light with a wavelength of $$515\ \mathrm{nm}. $$What is the frequency of this light? (Speed of light $$c = 3.00 \times 10^8$\ \mathrm{m/s})$$

$$5.82 \times 10$$^{14}$$\ \mathrm{Hz}$$

Q: A photon has a wavelength of $$400\ \mathrm{nm}. $$What is its energy? ($$h = 6.626 \times 10$$^{-34}$$\ \mathrm{J\cdot s}$$, $$c = 3.00 \times 10^8$\ \mathrm{m/s})$$

$$4.97 \times 10$$^{-19}$$\ \mathrm{J}$$

Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the wave–particle duality of the electron?

Accepted Answer

Electrons exhibit both wave-like and particle-like properties depending on the experimental conditions.

Question 2

Which equation correctly relates the energy of a photon to its wavelength?

Accepted Answer

$$E = \dfrac{hc}{\lambda}$$

Question 3

A green laser emits light with a wavelength of $$515\ \mathrm{nm}. $$What is the frequency of this light? (Speed of light $$c = 3.00 	imes 10^8$\ \mathrm{m/s})$$

Accepted Answer

$$5.82 	imes 10$$^{14}$$\ \mathrm{Hz}$$

Question 4

Which of the following types of electromagnetic radiation has the highest energy per photon?

Accepted Answer

X-ray

Question 5

According to the photoelectric effect, what happens when light of a frequency below the threshold frequency shines on a metal surface?

Accepted Answer

No electrons are emitted, regardless of the light's intensity.

Question 6

A 100-watt light bulb emits light at a wavelength of $$525\ \mathrm{nm}. $$How many photons are emitted per second? (Use $$h = 6.626 	imes 10$$^{-34}$$\ \mathrm{J\cdot s}$$, $$c = 3.00 	imes 10^8$\ \mathrm{m/s})$$

Accepted Answer

$$2.64 	imes 10$$^{21}$$

Question 7

Which quantum number determines the shape of an atomic orbital?

Accepted Answer

Angular momentum quantum number, $$l$$

Question 8

How many orbitals are present in the $$n = 4$$ principal energy level?

Accepted Answer

16

Question 9

Which transition in a hydrogen atom emits light with the shortest wavelength?

Accepted Answer

$$n = 3 \rightarrow n = 2$$

Question 10

According to Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle, which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

Either the position or the velocity of an electron can be known exactly, but not both at the same time.

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why we do not observe wave properties for a baseball thrown at a ballpark?

Accepted Answer

Because the baseball’s large mass makes its de Broglie wavelength minuscule and insignificant compared to its size.

Question 12

Which of the following statements about atomic emission spectra is correct?

Accepted Answer

Each element emits a unique pattern of wavelengths, called a line spectrum.

Question 13

What is the total number of $$d$$ orbitals in the $$n = 5$$ shell?

Accepted Answer

5

Question 14

Which quantum numbers are needed to uniquely identify an electron in an atom?

Accepted Answer

$$n$$, $$l$$, $$m_l$$, and $$m_s$$

Question 15

A photon has a wavelength of $$400\ \mathrm{nm}. $$What is its energy? ($$h = 6.626 	imes 10$$^{-34}$$\ \mathrm{J\cdot s}$$, $$c = 3.00 	imes 10^8$\ \mathrm{m/s})$$

Accepted Answer

$$4.97 	imes 10$$^{-19}$$\ \mathrm{J}$$

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the difference between constructive and destructive interference?

Accepted Answer

Constructive interference occurs when waves are in phase and add together, while destructive interference occurs when waves are out of phase and cancel each other.

Question 17

Which quantum number describes the orientation of an orbital in space?

Accepted Answer

Magnetic quantum number, $$m_l$$

Question 18

What is the most probable distance from the nucleus for finding an electron in the 1s orbital of hydrogen?

Accepted Answer

$$0.529\ \mathrm{pm}$$

Question 19

Which of the following transitions in a hydrogen atom would absorb the most energy?

Accepted Answer

$$n = 1 \rightarrow n = 2$$

The Quantum-Mechanical Model of the Atom: Structure, Light, and Electron Behavior

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