$$pH = pK_a + \log \frac{[\text{base}]}{[\text{acid}]}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes a Brønsted-Lowry acid?

Accepted Answer

A substance that donates a proton (H+)

Question 2

What is the conjugate base of HCO3$$^- ($$bicarbonate)?

Accepted Answer

CO3$$^{2-}$$

Question 3

Calculate the pH of a solution with [H$$^+$$] = $$1 	imes 10$$^{-6}$$ M.

Accepted Answer

pH = 6

Question 4

If the pH of a solution is 12, what is the concentration of H$$^+$$ ions?

Accepted Answer

[H$$^+$$] = $$10^{-12}$ M

Question 5

Which of the following acids is the strongest based on pKa values?

Accepted Answer

Nitrous Acid (pKa = 3.33)

Question 6

A buffer solution is prepared with acetic acid (pKa = 4.74) and sodium acetate. If the pH is 5.74, what is the ratio of acetate to acetic acid?

Accepted Answer

10:1

Question 7

Which of the following reactions is a neutralization reaction?

Accepted Answer

HCl (aq) + NaOH (aq) $$\rightarrow$$ NaCl (aq) + H2O (l)

Question 8

What happens to the pH of blood if a person hyperventilates?

Accepted Answer

pH increases, leading to respiratory alkalosis

Question 9

Which of the following is a major buffer system in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Carbonic acid/bicarbonate

Question 10

A patient has decreased respiratory rate due to hypothermia. How is homeostasis affected?

Accepted Answer

Respiratory acidosis

Question 11

Which equation is used to relate pH, pKa, and the ratio of conjugate base to acid in a buffer?

Accepted Answer

$$pH = pK_a + \log \frac{[	ext{base}]}{[	ext{acid}]}$$

Question 12

If the pH of a solution is lower than the pKa of a weak acid, what is the predominant form?

Accepted Answer

Mostly acid (protonated)

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the role of the kidneys in acid-base balance?

Accepted Answer

Excrete excess H+ and reabsorb HCO3-

Question 14

What is the pH of a 0.001 M HBr solution?

Accepted Answer

pH = 3

Question 15

Which of the following symptoms is most likely associated with acidosis?

Accepted Answer

Headache and confusion

Question 16

A buffer solution contains 0.1 M CH3COOH and 1.0 M CH3COO-. What is the pH if pKa = 4.74?

Accepted Answer

pH = 5.74

Question 17

Which of the following best describes a polyprotic acid?

Accepted Answer

An acid that can donate more than one proton

Question 18

What is the effect on blood pH when a person has increased metabolic acids due to excessive exercise?

Accepted Answer

Metabolic acidosis

Question 19

Which of the following is true about buffers?

Accepted Answer

They resist changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the products of the reaction: NaHCO3 + CH3COOH $$\rightarrow$$ ?

Accepted Answer

NaCH3COO + H2O + CO2

Acids, Bases, and Buffers in Biological Systems: GOB Chemistry Study Notes

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