Question 1

Which of the following best explains why carboxylic acids generally have higher boiling points than esters of similar molecular weight?

Accepted Answer

Carboxylic acids can form both hydrogen bond donors and acceptors, leading to strong intermolecular hydrogen bonding.

Question 2

A carboxylic acid with a pKa of 4.1 is present in a protein. At which pH will this group be mostly deprotonated (negatively charged)?

Accepted Answer

$$6$$

Question 3

Which of the following is the correct balanced equation for the neutralization of acetic acid ($$\mathrm{CH_3COOH}) $$with potassium hydroxide ($$\mathrm{KOH}$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{CH_3COOH + KOH \rightarrow CH_3COOK + H_2O}$$

Question 4

Rank the following compounds from strongest to weakest acid: HCl, phenol, carboxylic acid.

Accepted Answer

HCl \u003e Carboxylic acid \u003e Phenol

Question 5

Which of the following statements about esters is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Esters cannot hydrogen bond with themselves but can hydrogen bond with water.

Question 6

Which of the following is the correct order of water solubility for carboxylic acid, ester, and carboxylate salt?

Accepted Answer

Carboxylate salt \u003e Carboxylic acid \u003e Ester

Question 7

Saponification is the process of hydrolyzing esters with a base. What are the products when a triglyceride reacts with sodium hydroxide ($$\mathrm{NaOH}$$)?

Accepted Answer

Glycerol and sodium salts of fatty acids (soap)

Question 8

Which of the following best describes a secondary (2°) amine?

Accepted Answer

A nitrogen atom bonded to two carbon atoms and one hydrogen atom

Question 9

Which of the following molecules is most water-soluble: a 2° amine, a 3° amine, or an amine salt?

Accepted Answer

Amine salt

Question 10

A protein contains an amine with a pKa of 9.9. At which pH will this group be mostly positively charged?

Accepted Answer

$$8$$

Question 11

Which of the following statements about amides is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Amides are not basic because the nitrogen lone pair is delocalized toward the carbonyl carbon.

Question 12

Which of the following is a product of the hydrolysis of an amide under basic conditions?

Accepted Answer

A carboxylate salt and an amine

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why thiols have lower boiling points than alcohols of similar molecular weight?

Accepted Answer

Thiols cannot form hydrogen bonds due to the larger size of sulfur.

Question 14

What is the product of the oxidation of two cysteine thiols in a protein?

Accepted Answer

A disulfide bond

Question 15

Which of the following best describes a phosphoanhydride bond?

Accepted Answer

A bond between two phosphate groups with a bridging oxygen

Question 16

ATP hydrolysis is a key reaction in metabolism. What are the products of ATP hydrolysis?

Accepted Answer

ADP and inorganic phosphate ($$\mathrm{$$HPO_4$$^{2-}})$$

Question 17

Which of the following is a real-life application of saponification?

Accepted Answer

Soap-making from animal fats and lye

Question 18

Which of the following functional groups is present in all amino acids and is responsible for their acidic properties?

Accepted Answer

Carboxylic acid group ($$\mathrm{-COOH})$$

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the role of phosphorylation in cellular signaling?

Accepted Answer

It adds a negatively charged group to proteins, altering their activity.

Carboxylic Acids, Esters, Amines, Amides, Thiols, and Phosphate Compounds: Structure, Properties, and Reactions

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