Question 1

Which statement best summarizes the cell theory as developed by Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow?

Accepted Answer

Cells are the basic units of structure and function in organisms, and all cells come from preexisting cells.

Question 2

Why do cells need to remain small in size for optimal function?

Accepted Answer

Small cells have a larger surface-area-to-volume ratio, which increases the efficiency of material exchange.

Question 3

A cube-shaped cell has a side length of 2 cm. What is its surface area to volume ratio? Use the formulas: $$	ext{Surface Area} = 6a^2$, $$	ext{Volume} = $$a^3$$, $$	ext{Ratio} = \frac{	ext{Surface Area}}{	ext{Volume}}.$$

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{24}{8} = 3$$

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

They contain membrane-bound organelles.

Question 5

Which domain includes prokaryotes that often live in extreme environments?

Accepted Answer

Archaea

Question 6

A scientist observes a cell with a well-organized, polysaccharide-rich layer outside its cell wall. What is this structure called?

Accepted Answer

Capsule (a type of glycocalyx)

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why large animals are made up of many small cells rather than a few large cells?

Accepted Answer

Small cells have a higher surface-area-to-volume ratio, allowing efficient exchange of materials.

Question 8

Which of the following is a function of the plasma membrane in prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

It acts as a selective barrier for the exchange of materials.

Question 9

Which of the following is a correct comparison between bacteria and archaea?

Accepted Answer

Both are prokaryotic but differ biochemically.

Question 10

A rod-shaped prokaryotic cell is classified as which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Bacillus

Question 11

If a cell increases its diameter from 1 μm to 2 μm, by what factor does its volume increase? Use the formula $$V = a^3$.

Accepted Answer

8

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the function of mesosomes in prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

They increase the surface area of the plasma membrane.

Question 13

Which of the following is a real-world application of bacteria in biotechnology?

Accepted Answer

Production of insulin through genetic engineering.

Question 14

Which structure is found in all cells, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic?

Accepted Answer

Plasma membrane

Question 15

Which of the following is a plausible consequence if a cell's surface-area-to-volume ratio becomes too low?

Accepted Answer

The cell will have difficulty exchanging materials efficiently with its environment.

Cellular Level of Organization: Structure, Size, and Types of Cells

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