Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the kidneys?

Accepted Answer

Store urine until elimination

Question 2

A patient presents with painful urination. Which medical term best describes this symptom?

Accepted Answer

Dysuria

Question 3

Which structure is responsible for filtering blood to form urine in the kidney?

Accepted Answer

Nephron

Question 4

A urinalysis reveals the presence of glucose in the urine. What is the medical term for this finding?

Accepted Answer

Glycosuria

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the path urine takes from the kidneys to elimination from the body?

Accepted Answer

Kidney → Ureter → Bladder → Urethra

Question 6

A 45-year-old woman is diagnosed with nephrolithiasis. What does this term mean?

Accepted Answer

Condition of kidney stones

Question 7

Which laboratory test is used to estimate the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) by measuring creatinine in urine?

Accepted Answer

Creatinine clearance

Question 8

A patient with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is most likely to experience which urinary symptom?

Accepted Answer

Urge incontinence

Question 9

Which of the following is a normal characteristic of urine?

Accepted Answer

Specific gravity of $$1.003 to$$ $$1.030$$

Question 10

Which diagnostic procedure involves injecting a radiopaque substance intravenously to visualize the kidneys, ureters, and bladder on x-ray?

Accepted Answer

Intravenous pyelography (IVP)

Question 11

A patient’s urinalysis shows protein in the urine. What is the correct medical term for this finding?

Accepted Answer

Albuminuria

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why women are more prone to cystitis than men?

Accepted Answer

Women have a shorter urethra and closer proximity to the anus

Question 13

Which of the following drugs would most likely be prescribed to increase urine output in a patient with fluid overload?

Accepted Answer

Diuretic

Question 14

A patient is scheduled for a cystectomy. What does this procedure involve?

Accepted Answer

Surgical removal of the bladder

Question 15

Which of the following is a vital function of the nephron?

Accepted Answer

Regulation and removal of metabolic waste from blood plasma

Question 16

A child presents with fever, weight loss, and persistent diaper rash. Which urinary condition should be considered based on these symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Urinary tract infection (UTI)

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the process of glomerular filtration?

Accepted Answer

Fluid and waste products are filtered out of the blood into the urine-collecting tubules

Question 18

Which medical specialist is trained in the study and treatment of urinary system disorders?

Accepted Answer

Urologist

Question 19

A patient is found to have scanty urine production. What is the correct medical term for this condition?

Accepted Answer

Oliguria

Question 20

Which of the following is a common cause of urge incontinence in older men?

Accepted Answer

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

Urinary System: Medical Terminology and Anatomy Study Guide

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