Domanda del libro di testo
Excess ammonia must be used when a primary amine is synthesized by reductive amination. What product will be obtained if the reaction is carried out with excess carbonyl compound?
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Ch. 16 - Reactions of Aldehydes and Ketones • More Reactions of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
Bruice8th EditionOrganic ChemistryISBN: 9780135213711
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TOC.tableOfContents
- Ch. 1 - Remembering General Chemistry: Electronic Structure and Bonding31
- Ch. 2 - Acids and Bases: Central to Understanding Organic Chemistry84
- Ch. 3 - An Introduction to Organic Compounds: Nomenclature, Physical Properties, and Structure183
- Ch. 4 - Isomers: The Arrangement of Atoms in Space121
- Ch. 5 - Alkenes: Structure, Nomenclature, and an Introduction to Reactivity • Thermodynamics and Kinetics83
- Ch. 6 - The Reactions of Alkenes • The Stereochemistry of Addition Reactions175
- Ch. 7 - The Reactions of Alkynes • An Introduction to Multistep Synthesis119
- Ch. 8 - Delocalized Electrons: Their Effect on Stability, pKa, and the Products of a Reaction • Aromaticity and Electronic Effects: An Introduction to the Reactions of Benzene148
- Ch. 9 - Substitution and Elimination Reactions of Alkyl Halides212
- Ch. 10 - Reactions of Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides, Amines, and Sulfur-Containing Compounds131
- Ch. 11 - Organometallic Compounds60
- Ch. 12 - Radicals90
- Ch. 13 - Mass Spectrometry; Infrared Spectroscopy; UV/Vis Spectroscopy62
- Ch. 14 - NMR Spectroscopy95
- Ch. 15 - Reactions of Carboxylic Acids and Carboxylic Acid Derivatives123
- Ch. 16 - Reactions of Aldehydes and Ketones • More Reactions of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives141
- Ch. 17 - Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon101
- Ch. 18 - Reactions of Benzene and Substituted Benzenes144
- Ch. 19 - More About Amines • Reactions of Heterocyclic Compounds49
- Ch. 20 - The Organic Chemistry of Carbohydrates80
- Ch. 21 - Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins57
- Ch. 22 - Catalysis in Organic Reactions and in Enzymatic Reactions35
- Ch. 23 - The Organic Chemistry of the Coenzymes—Compounds Derived from Vitamins1
- Ch. 28 - Pericyclic Reactions58
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Bruice 8th EditionCh. 16 - Reactions of Aldehydes and Ketones • More Reactions of Carboxylic Acid DerivativesProblema 35b
Bruice 8th EditionCh. 16 - Reactions of Aldehydes and Ketones • More Reactions of Carboxylic Acid DerivativesProblema 35bCapitolo 16, Problema 35b
The compounds commonly known as 'amino acids' are actually α-aminocarboxylic-aminocarboxylic acids. What carbonyl compounds should be used to synthesize the two amino acids shown here?
b. 
Guida verificata passo dopo passo1
Step 1: Identify the amino acid structure shown in the image. The compound has an amino group (-NH2) attached to the α-carbon, a carboxylate group (-COO⁻), and a benzyl side chain (a phenyl group attached to a CH2 group). This structure corresponds to the amino acid phenylalanine.
Step 2: Recall the Strecker synthesis, a common method for synthesizing α-amino acids. In this method, an aldehyde reacts with ammonia and hydrogen cyanide to form an α-aminonitrile, which is then hydrolyzed to yield the α-amino acid.
Step 3: Determine the carbonyl compound needed for the synthesis. The side chain of phenylalanine (a benzyl group) suggests that the starting carbonyl compound should be benzaldehyde (C6H5CHO), which has a phenyl group directly attached to the aldehyde functional group.
Step 4: Write the reaction sequence. Benzaldehyde reacts with ammonia (NH3) and hydrogen cyanide (HCN) to form phenylaminonitrile. This intermediate is then hydrolyzed under acidic or basic conditions to yield phenylalanine.
Step 5: Summarize the synthesis. The carbonyl compound required to synthesize phenylalanine is benzaldehyde. This compound undergoes the Strecker synthesis to produce the desired amino acid.
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Amino Acids
Amino acids are organic compounds that serve as the building blocks of proteins. They contain both an amine group (-NH2) and a carboxylic acid group (-COOH), making them α-aminocarboxylic acids. The structure of amino acids allows them to participate in various biochemical reactions, including protein synthesis and enzyme activity.
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09:36
Standard Amino Acids
Carbonyl Compounds
Carbonyl compounds are organic molecules that contain a carbonyl group (C=O), which is a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom. They are classified into aldehydes and ketones, depending on the position of the carbonyl group. In the synthesis of amino acids, carbonyl compounds can react with amines to form amino acids through processes such as reductive amination.
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01:40Defining meso compounds.
Synthesis of Amino Acids
The synthesis of amino acids often involves the reaction of carbonyl compounds with amines. This can occur through various methods, including the Strecker synthesis and Gabriel synthesis. Understanding the specific carbonyl compounds needed for synthesizing particular amino acids is crucial for organic synthesis and biochemistry, as it allows for the production of these essential biomolecules.
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Percorso guidato
1:16Synthesis of Amino Acids: Strecker Synthesis Example 1
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