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Ch. 3 Cells and Tissues
Marieb - Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology 13th Edition
Marieb13th EditionEssentials of Human Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780135624340Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Tutti i libri di testoMarieb 13th EditionCh. 3 Cells and TissuesProblema 5
Capitolo 3, Problema 5

A cell stimulated to increase its steroid production will have abundant:
a. Ribosomes
b. Rough ER
c. Smooth ER
d. Golgi apparatus
e. Secretory vesicles

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Understand the function of steroid production in cells: Steroids are lipid-based molecules synthesized primarily in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (smooth ER). This organelle is specialized for lipid and steroid synthesis.
Analyze the role of ribosomes and rough ER: Ribosomes and rough ER are primarily involved in protein synthesis, not lipid or steroid production. Therefore, these structures are less relevant to the question.
Consider the role of the Golgi apparatus: The Golgi apparatus is involved in modifying, packaging, and transporting molecules, including steroids, after their synthesis. It plays a supportive role in steroid production.
Evaluate the function of secretory vesicles: Secretory vesicles are responsible for transporting and releasing substances outside the cell. They may be involved in the secretion of steroids but are not directly involved in their synthesis.
Conclude that smooth ER is the primary organelle responsible for steroid production, while the Golgi apparatus and secretory vesicles may play secondary roles in processing and transporting the steroids.

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Steroid Production

Steroid production occurs in cells that synthesize hormones, primarily in the adrenal glands and gonads. This process involves the conversion of cholesterol into steroid hormones, which requires specific cellular structures to facilitate the synthesis and transport of these lipophilic molecules.
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Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (Smooth ER)

The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is a type of endoplasmic reticulum that lacks ribosomes and is involved in the synthesis of lipids, including steroid hormones. It plays a crucial role in detoxification and metabolism of carbohydrates, making it essential for cells that produce steroids.
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Ribosomes and Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (Rough ER)

Ribosomes are cellular structures that synthesize proteins, while rough ER is studded with ribosomes and is involved in the production of proteins destined for secretion or for use in the cell membrane. Although important for protein synthesis, they are less relevant for steroid production compared to smooth ER.
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Which of the following are possible functions of the glycoproteins in the plasma membrane?

a. Determination of blood groups

b. Binding sites for toxins or bacteria

c. Aiding the binding of sperm to egg

d. Increasing the efficiency of absorption

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Adult cell types you might expect to have gap junctions include:

a. Skeletal muscle

b. Bone

c. Heart muscle

d. Smooth muscle

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Which epithelium is 'built' to withstand friction?

a. Simple squamous

b. Stratified squamous

c. Simple cuboidal

d. Simple columnar

e. Pseudostratified

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A cell with abundant peroxisomes would most likely be involved in:

a. Secretion

b. Storage of glycogen

c. ATP manufacture

d. Movement

e. Detoxification activities

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For diffusion to occur, there must be:

a. A selectively permeable membrane

b. Equal amounts of solute

c. A concentration difference

d. Some sort of carrier system

e. All of the above

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In which of the following tissue types might you expect to find goblet cells?

a. Simple cuboidal

b. Simple columnar

c. Simple squamous

d. Stratified squamous

e. Transitional

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