Domanda del libro di testo
Which six plexuses in the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities innervate visceral organs, and what are the effects of sympathetic versus parasympathetic stimulation?
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Ch. 16 The Autonomic Nervous System and Higher-Order Functions
Martini, Nath, Bartholomew11th EditionFundamentals of Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780136874089
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TOC.tableOfContents
- Ch. 1 An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology26
- Ch. 2 The Chemical Level of Organization34
- Ch. 3 The Cellular Level of Organization30
- Ch. 4 The Tissue Level of Organization24
- Ch. 5 The Integumentary System17
- Ch. 6 Bones and Bone Structure36
- Ch. 7 The Axial Skeleton11
- Ch. 8 The Appendicular Skeleton17
- Ch. 9 Joints13
- Ch. 10 Muscle Tissue12
- Ch. 11 The Muscular System28
- Ch. 12 Nervous Tissue18
- Ch. 13 The Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes22
- Ch. 14 The Brain and Cranial Nerves20
- Ch. 15 Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System17
- Ch. 16 The Autonomic Nervous System and Higher-Order Functions30
- Ch. 17 The Special Senses16
- Ch. 18 The Endocrine System20
- Ch. 19 Blood31
- Ch. 20 The Heart31
- Ch. 21 Blood Vessels and Circulation29
- Ch. 22 The Lymphatic System and Immunity31
- Ch. 23 The Respiratory System12
- Ch. 24 The Digestive System18
- Ch. 26 The Urinary System31
- Ch. 27 Fluids & Electrolytes32
- Ch. 28 The Reproductive System12
- Ch. 29 Development and Inheritance23
Martini, Nath, Bartholomew11th EditionFundamentals of Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780136874089Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
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Martini, Nath, Bartholomew 11th EditionCh. 16 The Autonomic Nervous System and Higher-Order FunctionsProblema 20
Martini, Nath, Bartholomew 11th EditionCh. 16 The Autonomic Nervous System and Higher-Order FunctionsProblema 20Capitolo 16, Problema 20
Dual innervation refers to situations in which
(a) Vital organs receive instructions from both sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers.
(b) The atria and ventricles of the heart receive autonomic stimulation from the same nerves.
(c) Sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers have similar effects.
(d) All of these are correct.
Guida verificata passo dopo passo1
Step 1: Understand the concept of dual innervation. Dual innervation occurs when an organ receives nerve fibers from both the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system.
Step 2: Analyze option (a): Vital organs receive instructions from both sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers. This is a correct description of dual innervation because many vital organs are controlled by both systems to maintain balance.
Step 3: Analyze option (b): The atria and ventricles of the heart receive autonomic stimulation from the same nerves. This is not typically true because sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers usually come from different nerves and have different effects on heart regions.
Step 4: Analyze option (c): Sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers have similar effects. This is incorrect because these two systems generally have opposite effects (e.g., sympathetic increases heart rate, parasympathetic decreases it).
Step 5: Conclude that the correct understanding of dual innervation aligns with option (a), as it accurately describes the physiological principle involved.
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Dual Innervation
Dual innervation occurs when an organ receives nerve fibers from both the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system. This allows the organ to be regulated by two opposing influences, enabling fine control of physiological functions.
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Characteristic 3: Avascular but Innervated
Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Nervous Systems
The sympathetic nervous system prepares the body for 'fight or flight' responses, increasing heart rate and energy use, while the parasympathetic system promotes 'rest and digest' activities, slowing the heart rate and conserving energy. Their effects on organs are usually opposite.
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Autonomic Control of the Heart
The heart receives autonomic input from both sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers, which influence the atria and ventricles differently. This dual innervation helps regulate heart rate and force of contraction to meet the body's needs.
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6:13Control of Heart Rate
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