Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between a hypothesis and a scientific theory?

Accepted Answer

A hypothesis is a specific, testable explanation based on observations, while a theory is a well-established explanation supported by a large body of evidence.

Question 2

Which of the following bonds is responsible for holding together the atoms within a single water molecule?

Accepted Answer

Polar covalent bonds

Question 3

A scientist observes that a certain molecule dissolves easily in water. Which property is most likely true of this molecule?

Accepted Answer

It is hydrophilic and either polar or charged.

Question 4

Which of the following is a property of water that helps organisms maintain stable internal temperatures?

Accepted Answer

High specific heat

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why oil does not dissolve in water?

Accepted Answer

Oil molecules are nonpolar and hydrophobic, while water is polar.

Question 6

Which of the following statements about the plasma membrane is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins and carbohydrates.

Question 7

A cell is placed in a solution and water moves into the cell. What can you conclude about the tonicity of the solution relative to the cell?

Accepted Answer

The solution is hypotonic to the cell.

Question 8

Which organelle is responsible for producing ATP through cellular respiration in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the function of ribosomes in a cell?

Accepted Answer

They carry out protein synthesis.

Question 10

Which of the following molecules would most easily diffuse across a plasma membrane by simple diffusion?

Accepted Answer

O$$_2$$

Question 11

Which process is responsible for the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to high solute concentration?

Accepted Answer

Osmosis

Question 12

Which of the following is a function of the Golgi apparatus in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Processing and packaging proteins for export

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the role of enzymes in biological reactions?

Accepted Answer

They lower the activation energy, speeding up reactions.

Question 14

Which of the following is true about competitive inhibition of enzymes?

Accepted Answer

The inhibitor competes with the substrate for the active site.

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct summary of the flow of genetic information in a cell?

Accepted Answer

DNA $$\rightarrow$$ RNA $$\rightarrow$$ Protein

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the main function of nucleic acids in cells?

Accepted Answer

They store and transmit genetic information.

Question 17

Which of the following is a property of phospholipids that is critical for the formation of biological membranes?

Accepted Answer

They are amphipathic, with hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

The products of photosynthesis are the reactants for cellular respiration, and vice versa.

Question 19

During the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, what is the primary role of the electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

To transfer electrons and help generate ATP and NADPH

Question 20

Which of the following best describes what happens to chlorophyll when it absorbs light energy?

Accepted Answer

It becomes excited, raising electrons to a higher energy state.

General Biology I: Foundations, Chemistry, Cells, and Photosynthesis

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

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