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Ch. 8 - Sequences, Induction, and Probability
Blitzer - College Algebra 8th Edition
Blitzer8th EditionCollege AlgebraISBN: 9780136970514Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Capitolo 9, Problema 51

In Exercises 49–52, a single die is rolled twice. Find the probability of rolling an even number the first time and a number greater than 2 the second time.

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Identify the sample space for each roll of the die. Since a single die has 6 faces, each roll has 6 possible outcomes: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6.
Determine the favorable outcomes for the first roll: rolling an even number. The even numbers on a die are 2, 4, and 6, so there are 3 favorable outcomes.
Determine the favorable outcomes for the second roll: rolling a number greater than 2. The numbers greater than 2 are 3, 4, 5, and 6, so there are 4 favorable outcomes.
Calculate the probability of each event separately. The probability of rolling an even number first is \(\frac{3}{6}\), and the probability of rolling a number greater than 2 second is \(\frac{4}{6}\).
Since the two rolls are independent events, multiply the probabilities of each event to find the combined probability: \(\frac{3}{6} \times \frac{4}{6}\).

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Probability of Independent Events

When two events occur independently, the probability of both happening is the product of their individual probabilities. Rolling a die twice are independent events, so multiply the probability of the first event by the probability of the second.
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Probability of Multiple Independent Events

Sample Space of a Die Roll

A single roll of a fair six-sided die has six equally likely outcomes: 1 through 6. Understanding this sample space helps determine the probability of specific events, such as rolling an even number or a number greater than 2.
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Introduction to Probability

Event Definition and Counting Favorable Outcomes

To find the probability of an event, identify all outcomes that satisfy the event's condition. For example, even numbers on a die are 2, 4, and 6; numbers greater than 2 are 3, 4, 5, and 6. Counting these helps calculate the event's probability.
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Fundamental Counting Principle