Domanda del libro di testo
Give the conjugate base of the following Brønsted–Lowry acids: (i) HIO3, (ii) NH4+.
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Ch.16 - Acid-Base Equilibria
Brown14th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780134414232
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TOC.tableOfContents
- Ch.1 - Introduction: Matter, Energy, and Measurement177
- Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules, and Ions231
- Ch.3 - Chemical Reactions and Reaction Stoichiometry216
- Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution189
- Ch.5 - Thermochemistry175
- Ch.6 - Electronic Structure of Atoms168
- Ch.7 - Periodic Properties of the Elements150
- Ch.8 - Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding177
- Ch.9 - Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories200
- Ch.10 - Gases179
- Ch.11 - Liquids and Intermolecular Forces113
- Ch.12 - Solids and Modern Materials154
- Ch.13 - Properties of Solutions157
- Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics199
- Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium128
- Ch.16 - Acid-Base Equilibria164
- Ch.17 - Additional Aspects of Aqueous Equilibria163
- Ch.18 - Chemistry of the Environment105
- Ch.19 - Chemical Thermodynamics164
- Ch.20 - Electrochemistry171
- Ch.21 - Nuclear Chemistry122
- Ch.22 - Chemistry of the Nonmetals82
- Ch.23 - Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry79
- Ch.24 - The Chemistry of Life: Organic and Biological Chemistry16
Brown14th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780134414232Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Capitolo 16, Problema 16a
Give the conjugate base of the following Brønsted–Lowry acids: (i) HCOOH, (ii) HPO42-.
Guida verificata passo dopo passo1
Identify the Brønsted–Lowry acid in each case. A Brønsted–Lowry acid is a substance that can donate a proton (H⁺).
For each acid, remove one proton (H⁺) to find the conjugate base. This involves subtracting an H⁺ from the chemical formula of the acid.
For (i) HCOOH, remove an H⁺ to form the conjugate base. The resulting formula will be HCOO⁻.
For (ii) HPO₄²⁻, remove an H⁺ to form the conjugate base. The resulting formula will be PO₄³⁻.
Verify that the charge of the conjugate base is one unit more negative than the original acid, as losing a proton (H⁺) decreases the charge by one.
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Brønsted–Lowry Acid-Base Theory
The Brønsted–Lowry theory defines acids as proton donors and bases as proton acceptors. This framework emphasizes the transfer of protons (H+) in chemical reactions, allowing for a broader understanding of acid-base behavior beyond just the presence of hydroxide ions. In this context, identifying conjugate bases involves recognizing the species formed when an acid donates a proton.
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Percorso guidato
02:08
Bronsted-Lowry Acid-Base Theory
Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs
Conjugate acid-base pairs consist of two species that differ by the presence of a single proton. When an acid donates a proton, it transforms into its conjugate base, while the base that accepts the proton becomes its conjugate acid. Understanding these pairs is crucial for predicting the outcome of acid-base reactions and determining the strength of acids and bases.
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01:30Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs
Dissociation of Acids
The dissociation of acids refers to the process by which an acid releases protons into solution. For example, when formic acid (HCOOH) dissociates, it loses a proton to form its conjugate base, formate (HCOO-). Similarly, the dissociation of hydrogen phosphate (HPO4^2-) results in the formation of its conjugate base, phosphate (PO4^3-). This concept is essential for identifying conjugate bases in acid-base reactions.
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00:54Acid-Base Dissociation Example
Pratica correlata
Domanda del libro di testo
Which of the following statements is false? (a) An Arrhenius base increases the concentration of OH- in water. (b) A Brønsted-Lowry base is a proton acceptor. (c) Water can act as a Brønsted–Lowry acid. (d) Water can act as a Brønsted–Lowry base. (e) Any compound that contains an –OH group acts as a Brønsted-Lowry base.
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Domanda del libro di testo
Identify the Brønsted–Lowry acid and the Brønsted–Lowry base on the left side of each of the following equations, and also identify the conjugate acid and conjugate base of each on the right side:
(a) NH4+(aq) + CN-(aq) ⇌ HCN(aq) + NH3(aq)
(b) (CH3)3N(aq) + H2O(l) ⇌ (CH3)3NH+(aq) + OH-(aq)
(c) HCOOH(aq) + PO43-(aq) ⇌ HCOO-(aq)+ HPO42-(aq)
295
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Domanda del libro di testo
NH31g2 and HCl(g) react to form the ionic solid NH4Cl1s2. Which substance is the Brønsted–Lowry acid in this reaction? Which is the Brønsted–Lowry base?
361
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Domanda del libro di testo
Give the conjugate acid of the following Brønsted–Lowry bases: (i) SO42-, (ii) CH3NH2.
537
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Domanda del libro di testo
Identify the Brønsted–Lowry acid and the Brønsted– Lowry base on the left side of each equation, and also identify the conjugate acid and conjugate base of each on the right side.
(a) HBrO(aq) + H2O(l) ⇌ H3O+(aq) + BrO-(aq)
(b) HSO4-(aq) + HCO3-(aq) ⇌ SO42-(aq) + H2CO3(aq)
(c) HSO3-(aq) + H3O+(aq) ⇌ H2SO3(aq) + H2O(l)
365
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