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Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution
Brown - Chemistry: The Central Science 15th Edition
Brown15th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780137542970Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Tutti i libri di testoBrown 15th EditionCh.4 - Reactions in Aqueous SolutionProblema 87e
Capitolo 4, Problema 87e

A solution of 100.0 mL of 0.200 M KOH is mixed with a solution of 200.0 mL of 0.150 M NiSO4. (e) What is the concentration of each ion that remains in solution?

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Determine the moles of KOH: Use the formula \( \text{moles} = \text{concentration} \times \text{volume} \). Calculate the moles of KOH using the given concentration (0.200 M) and volume (100.0 mL, converted to liters).
Determine the moles of NiSO_4: Similarly, calculate the moles of NiSO_4 using its concentration (0.150 M) and volume (200.0 mL, converted to liters).
Write the balanced chemical equation: The reaction between KOH and NiSO_4 is \( 2 \text{KOH} + \text{NiSO}_4 \rightarrow \text{Ni(OH)}_2 + \text{K}_2\text{SO}_4 \).
Identify the limiting reactant: Compare the mole ratio from the balanced equation to the moles calculated to determine which reactant is limiting.
Calculate the concentration of remaining ions: After the reaction, calculate the concentration of ions that remain in solution by considering the excess reactant and the total volume of the solution (300.0 mL).

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Molarity

Molarity (M) is a measure of concentration defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. It is crucial for calculating the amount of ions present in a solution after mixing. In this question, the molarity of KOH and NiSO4 solutions will help determine the final concentrations of K+, OH-, Ni2+, and SO4^2- ions in the combined solution.
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Molarity

Stoichiometry of Reactions

Stoichiometry involves the calculation of reactants and products in chemical reactions based on balanced equations. In this case, KOH dissociates into K+ and OH- ions, while NiSO4 dissociates into Ni2+ and SO4^2- ions. Understanding the stoichiometry allows us to determine how the ions interact and what remains in solution after mixing.
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Stoichiometry Concept

Dilution and Volume Changes

When two solutions are mixed, the total volume changes, affecting the concentration of the ions present. The dilution principle states that the concentration of a solute decreases when the volume of the solution increases. In this scenario, calculating the final concentrations of the ions requires accounting for the total volume after mixing the two solutions.
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Dilution Equation
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