Domanda del libro di testo
An unknown gas is found to diffuse through a porous membrane
2.92 times more slowly than H2. What is the molecular
weight of the gas?
(a) 17.0 g/mol (b) 5.84 g/mol
(c) 8.52 g/mol
803
views
Ch.10 - Gases: Their Properties & Behavior
McMurry8th EditionChemistryISBN: 9781292336145
Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testoScegli un libro di testo diverso
TOC.tableOfContents
- Ch.1 - Chemical Tools: Experimentation & Measurement170
- Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules & Ions160
- Ch.3 - Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions169
- Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution199
- Ch.5 - Periodicity & Electronic Structure of Atoms102
- Ch.6 - Ionic Compounds: Periodic Trends and Bonding Theory92
- Ch.7 - Covalent Bonding and Electron-Dot Structures61
- Ch.8 - Covalent Compounds: Bonding Theories and Molecular Structure59
- Ch.9 - Thermochemistry: Chemical Energy122
- Ch.10 - Gases: Their Properties & Behavior155
- Ch.11 - Liquids & Phase Changes54
- Ch.12 - Solids and Solid-State Materials73
- Ch.13 - Solutions & Their Properties120
- Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics98
- Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium125
- Ch.16 - Aqueous Equilibria: Acids & Bases110
- Ch.17 - Applications of Aqueous Equilibria147
- Ch.18 - Thermodynamics: Entropy, Free Energy & Equilibrium86
- Ch.19 - Electrochemistry154
- Ch.20 - Nuclear Chemistry96
- Ch.21 - Transition Elements and Coordination Chemistry156
- Ch.22 - The Main Group Elements187
- Ch.23 - Organic and Biological Chemistry51
Capitolo 10, Problema 11
The coldest temperature recorded at ground level on Earth was -89.2 °C at the Vostok Station in Antarctica. What is the speed of a nitrogen molecule at this temperature? (LO 10.9) (a) 933 m/s (b) 40.2 m/s (c) 404 m/s (d) 12.8 m/s
Guida verificata passo dopo passo1
Identify the formula for the root-mean-square speed of a gas molecule: \( v_{rms} = \sqrt{\frac{3kT}{m}} \), where \( k \) is the Boltzmann constant, \( T \) is the temperature in Kelvin, and \( m \) is the mass of a nitrogen molecule.
Convert the given temperature from Celsius to Kelvin using the formula: \( T(K) = T(°C) + 273.15 \).
Calculate the mass of a nitrogen molecule. First, find the molar mass of nitrogen (N2), which is approximately 28.02 g/mol. Convert this to kilograms per molecule by dividing by Avogadro's number (\( 6.022 \times 10^{23} \) molecules/mol) and converting grams to kilograms.
Substitute the values for \( k \), \( T \), and \( m \) into the root-mean-square speed formula to find \( v_{rms} \).
Compare the calculated \( v_{rms} \) with the given options to determine the correct answer.
Risposta video verificata per un problema simile:
Questa soluzione video è stata consigliata dai nostri tutor come utile per risolvere questo problema.
Durata del video:
5mConcetti chiave
Ecco i concetti essenziali che devi comprendere per rispondere correttamente alla domanda.
Kinetic Molecular Theory
The Kinetic Molecular Theory explains the behavior of gases in terms of particles in constant motion. It posits that gas molecules move rapidly and randomly, and their speed is influenced by temperature. As temperature decreases, the average kinetic energy of the molecules also decreases, leading to slower molecular speeds.
Video consigliato:
Percorso guidato
01:19
Kinetic Molecular Theory
Root Mean Square Speed
Root Mean Square Speed (RMS speed) is a statistical measure of the speed of particles in a gas. It is calculated using the formula v_rms = sqrt(3RT/M), where R is the ideal gas constant, T is the absolute temperature in Kelvin, and M is the molar mass of the gas. This concept is crucial for determining the average speed of gas molecules at a given temperature.
Video consigliato:
Percorso guidato
01:05Root Mean Square Speed Formula
Temperature Conversion
Temperature conversion is essential for solving problems involving temperature in different units. In this case, the temperature must be converted from Celsius to Kelvin by adding 273.15. This conversion is necessary because gas laws and kinetic energy calculations require absolute temperature measurements to ensure accuracy in the results.
Video consigliato:
Percorso guidato
02:10Temperature Conversion Example
Pratica correlata
Domanda del libro di testo
Identify the true statement about deviations from ideal gas
behavior. (LO 10.12)
(a) The attractive forces between gas particles cause the true
volume of the sample to be larger than predicted by the
ideal gas law.
(b) The attractive forces between gas particles most influence
the volume of a sample at low pressure.
(c) The volume of the gas particles themselves most influences
the volume of the sample at low pressure.
(d) The volume of the gas particles themselves causes the
true volume of the sample to be larger than predicted by
the ideal gas law.
710
views
Domanda del libro di testo
A glass tube has one end in a dish of mercury and the other
end closed by a stopcock. The distance from the surface of
the mercury to the bottom of the stopcock is 850 mm. The
apparatus is at 25 °C, and the mercury level in the tube is
the same as that in the dish.
(a) Show on drawing (1) what the approximate level of
mercury in the tube will be when the temperature of the
entire apparatus is lowered from +25 °C to -25 °C.
477
views
Domanda del libro di testo
Two 112-L tanks are filled with gas at 330 K. One contains 5.00 mol of Kr, and the other contains 5.00 mol of O2. Considering the assumptions of kinetic–molecular theory, rank the gases from low to high for each of the following properties.
(c) Average speed
112
views
Domanda del libro di testo
A mixture of chlorine, hydrogen, and oxygen gas is in a container
at STP. Which curve represents oxygen gas? (LO 10.8)
(a) Curve (a) (b) Curve (b) (c) Curve (c)
491
views
Domanda del libro di testo
Two identical 732.0-L tanks each contain 212.0 g of gas at 293 K, with neon in one tank and nitrogen in the other. Based on the assumptions of kinetic–molecular theory, rank the gases from low to high for each of the following properties.
(a) Average speed
107
views