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Ch.21 - Transition Elements and Coordination Chemistry
McMurry - Chemistry 8th Edition
McMurry8th EditionChemistryISBN: 9781292336145Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Tutti i libri di testoMcMurry 8th EditionCh.21 - Transition Elements and Coordination ChemistryProblema 21.87a
Capitolo 21, Problema 21.87a

Tell how many diastereoisomers are possible for each of the following complexes, and draw their structures. 
(a) Pt(NH3)3Cl (square planar) 
(b) [FeBr2Cl2(en)]-

Guida verificata passo dopo passo
1
Step 1: Understand the concept of diastereoisomers. Diastereoisomers are stereoisomers that are not mirror images of each other. They occur in compounds with multiple chiral centers or in coordination complexes with different spatial arrangements.
Step 2: Analyze the first complex, Pt(NH3)3Cl, which is square planar. In square planar complexes, the ligands are arranged in a plane around the central metal atom. Consider the possible arrangements of the three NH3 ligands and one Cl ligand around the Pt center.
Step 3: Determine the possible diastereoisomers for Pt(NH3)3Cl. Since it is a square planar complex, check for any possible geometric isomers by arranging the ligands differently around the central metal.
Step 4: Analyze the second complex, [FeBr2Cl2(en)]-. This is an octahedral complex with two bidentate ethylenediamine (en) ligands and two different monodentate ligands (Br and Cl).
Step 5: Determine the possible diastereoisomers for [FeBr2Cl2(en)]-. Consider the different ways the Br and Cl ligands can be arranged around the Fe center, taking into account the bidentate nature of the en ligands, which can lead to cis and trans isomers.

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Diastereoisomers

Diastereoisomers are stereoisomers that are not mirror images of each other. They occur in molecules with multiple chiral centers or in coordination complexes where different arrangements of ligands can lead to distinct spatial configurations. Understanding diastereoisomers is crucial for determining the number of possible isomers for a given complex, as they can exhibit different physical and chemical properties.

Coordination Complexes

Coordination complexes consist of a central metal atom bonded to surrounding ligands, which can be neutral molecules or ions. The geometry of these complexes, such as square planar or octahedral, influences the arrangement of ligands and the potential for isomerism. Recognizing the geometry is essential for predicting the number of diastereoisomers, as it determines how ligands can be arranged around the metal center.
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Coordination Complexes Example

Chirality in Coordination Compounds

Chirality refers to the property of a molecule that makes it non-superimposable on its mirror image, often due to the presence of chiral centers. In coordination compounds, chirality can arise from the arrangement of ligands around a metal center. Identifying chiral configurations is important for determining the number of diastereoisomers, as each unique arrangement can lead to different stereoisomers.
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Coordination Compound Naming
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Domanda del libro di testo

Six isomers for a square planar palladium(II) complex that contains two Cl-and two SCN-ligands are shown below.


(a) Which structures are cis-trans isomers?

(b) Which structures are linkage isomers?

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Domanda del libro di testo

Assign a systematic name to each of the following ions.  

(a) [AuCl4]-

(b) [Fe(CN)6]4-

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Domanda del libro di testo

For each of the following complexes, describe the bonding using valence bond theory. Include orbital diagrams for the free metal ion and the metal ion in the complex. Indicate which hybrid orbitals the metal ion uses for bonding, and specify the number of unpaired electrons. 

(a) [AuCl4]2 (square planar)

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Domanda del libro di testo

Two first-series transition metals have three unpaired electrons in complex ions of the type [MCl4]2-.

(a) What are the oxidation state and the identity of M in these complexes?

(b) Draw valence bond orbital diagrams for the two possible ions.

(c) Based on common oxidation states of first-series transition metals (Figure 21.6), which ion is more likely to exist?

<QUESTION REFERENCES FIGURE 21.6>

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Domanda del libro di testo

Nickel(II) complexes with the formula NiX2L2, where X− is Cl− or N-bonded NCS− and L is the monodentate triphenylphosphine ligand P(C6H5)3, can be square planar or tetrahedral.

(a) Draw crystal field energy-level diagrams for a square planar and a tetrahedral nickel(II) complex, and show the population of the orbitals.

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Domanda del libro di testo

Draw a crystal field energy-level diagram, and predict the number of unpaired electrons for each of the following: 

(a) [Mn(H2O)6]2+

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