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Ch.6 - Ionic Compounds: Periodic Trends and Bonding Theory
McMurry - Chemistry 8th Edition
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Capitolo 6, Problema 78c

Element X reacts with element Y to give a product containing X3+ ions and Y2- ions. (c) What is the formula of the product?

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Identify the charges of the ions involved in the compound. Element X forms X^{3+} ions, and element Y forms Y^{2-} ions.
Determine the ratio of X^{3+} ions to Y^{2-} ions needed to balance the overall charge of the compound. The goal is to have a neutral compound.
Use the least common multiple (LCM) of the charges to find the smallest whole number ratio of X and Y that results in a neutral compound. The LCM of 3 and 2 is 6.
Calculate the number of X^{3+} ions needed to reach a total positive charge of +6. This requires 2 X^{3+} ions (2 * 3 = +6).
Calculate the number of Y^{2-} ions needed to reach a total negative charge of -6. This requires 3 Y^{2-} ions (3 * -2 = -6).

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Ionic Charges

Ionic charges are the electrical charges that ions carry, determined by the loss or gain of electrons. In this case, element X forms X<sup>3+</sup> ions, indicating it has lost three electrons, while element Y forms Y<sup>2-</sup> ions, meaning it has gained two electrons. Understanding these charges is crucial for determining how ions combine to form neutral compounds.
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Formal Charge

Chemical Formula

A chemical formula represents the composition of a compound, indicating the types and ratios of atoms present. To derive the formula from the ionic charges, we must balance the total positive and negative charges. This ensures that the resulting compound is electrically neutral, which is a fundamental principle in chemistry.
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Skeletal Formula

Criss-Cross Method

The criss-cross method is a technique used to determine the formula of an ionic compound by using the absolute values of the ionic charges. In this method, the charge of one ion becomes the subscript of the other ion. For example, with X<sup>3+</sup> and Y<sup>2-</sup>, we would take the 2 from Y and make it the subscript of X, and the 3 from X as the subscript of Y, leading to the formula XY<sub>3</sub>.
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Method 1 of Radioactive Half-Life
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Element X reacts with element Y to give a product containing X3+ ions and Y2-ions. (b) Is element Y likely to be a metal or a nonmetal? Explain.

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Element X reacts with element Y to give a product containing X3+ ions and Y2-ions. (a) Is element X likely to be a metal or a nonmetal? Explain.

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