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Ch.6 - Ionic Compounds: Periodic Trends and Bonding Theory
McMurry - Chemistry 8th Edition
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Tutti i libri di testoMcMurry 8th EditionCh.6 - Ionic Compounds: Periodic Trends and Bonding TheoryProblema 10
Capitolo 6, Problema 10

Predict the formula of the ionic compound that forms between potassium and sulfur. (LO 6.11) (a) KS (b) KS2 (c) K2S2 (d) K2S

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Identify the charges of the ions formed by potassium and sulfur. Potassium (K) typically forms a +1 cation (K+), and sulfur (S) typically forms a -2 anion (S2-).
Use the crisscross method to balance the charges of the ions. The absolute value of the charge of each ion becomes the subscript of the other ion.
Write the formula by placing the cation first and the anion second, ensuring that the subscripts are in the lowest whole number ratio and are written as simple integers.
Check if the total charges from the cations and anions balance to zero, confirming the compound is electrically neutral.
The resulting formula should reflect a balance where the total positive charge from potassium equals the total negative charge from sulfur.

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Ionic Compounds

Ionic compounds are formed when atoms transfer electrons, resulting in the formation of positively charged cations and negatively charged anions. The electrostatic attraction between these oppositely charged ions leads to the creation of a stable compound. Understanding the charges of the involved ions is crucial for predicting the correct formula of the ionic compound.
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Ionic Compounds Naming

Valency and Charge of Ions

The valency of an element indicates its ability to combine with other elements, often determined by the number of electrons in its outer shell. Potassium (K) has a valency of +1, while sulfur (S) has a valency of -2. This difference in valency is essential for determining the ratio of ions in the resulting ionic compound.
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Polyatomic Ion Charges

Chemical Formula Representation

The chemical formula of an ionic compound reflects the ratio of the constituent ions. For potassium and sulfur, the correct formula must balance the total positive and negative charges. This involves using subscripts to indicate the number of each type of ion, ensuring that the overall charge of the compound is neutral.
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Molecular Formula
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Which molecular scale image best represents the ionic com-pound that forms between cesium and chlorine? (Cesium is represented by red circles, and chlorine is represented by blue circles.) (LO 6.12) (a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

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Given the following information, construct a Born–Haber cycle to calculate the lattice energy of CaCl2(s). (LO 6.13)

Net energy change for the formation of CaCl2(s) form Ca(s) and Cl2(g) = -795.4 kJ/mol

Heat of sublimation for Ca(s) = +178 kJ/mol

Ei1 for Ca(s) = +590 kJ/mol

Ei2 for Ca(g) = +1145 kJ/mol

Bond dissociation energy for Cl2(g) = +243 kJ/mol

Eea1 for Cl(g) = -348.6 kJ/mol

(a) 2603 kJ/mol (b) 2254 kJ/mol (c) 2481 kJ/mo (d) 1663 kJ/mol

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