Domanda del libro di testo
What observations are consistent with the conclusion that DNA serves as the genetic material in eukaryotes? List and discuss them.
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Ch. 10 - DNA Structure and Analysis
Klug12th EditionConcepts of GeneticsISBN: 9780135564776
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TOC.tableOfContents
- Ch. 1 - Introduction to Genetics17
- Ch. 2 - Mitosis and Meiosis36
- Ch. 3 - Mendelian Genetics51
- Ch. 4 - Extensions of Mendelian Genetics74
- Ch. 5 - Chromosome Mapping in Eukaryotes51
- Ch. 6 - Genetic Analysis and Mapping in Bacteria and Bacteriophages46
- Ch. 7 - Sex Determination and Sex Chromosomes33
- Ch. 8 - Chromosome Mutations: Variation in Number and Arrangement40
- Ch. 9 - Extranuclear Inheritance31
- Ch. 10 - DNA Structure and Analysis43
- Ch. 11 - DNA Replication and Recombination44
- Ch. 12 - DNA Organization in Chromosomes30
- Ch. 13 - The Genetic Code and Transcription54
- Ch. 14 - Translation and Proteins47
- Ch. 15 - Gene Mutation, DNA Repair, and Transposition41
- Ch. 16 - Regulation of Gene Expression in Bacteria29
- Ch. 17 - Transcriptional Regulation in Eukaryotes41
- Ch. 18 - Post-transcriptional Regulation in Eukaryotes33
- Ch. 19 - Epigenetics33
- Ch. 20 - Recombinant DNA Technology44
- Ch. 21 - Genomic Analysis36
- Ch. 22 - Applications of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology36
- Ch. 23 - Developmental Genetics37
- Ch. 24 - Cancer Genetics34
- Ch. 25 - Quantitative Genetics and Multifactorial Traits54
- Ch. 26 - Population and Evolutionary Genetics45
Klug12th EditionConcepts of GeneticsISBN: 9780135564776Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Capitolo 10, Problema 10
Draw the chemical structure of the three components of a nucleotide, and then link the three together. What atoms are removed from the structures when the linkages are formed?
Guida verificata passo dopo passo1
Identify the three components of a nucleotide: a nitrogenous base, a five-carbon sugar (deoxyribose in DNA or ribose in RNA), and a phosphate group.
Draw the chemical structure of the nitrogenous base, which can be a purine (adenine or guanine) or a pyrimidine (cytosine, thymine, or uracil). These bases contain nitrogen and carbon atoms arranged in one or two rings.
Draw the five-carbon sugar structure, showing the carbon atoms numbered 1' through 5'. The sugar has hydroxyl (-OH) groups attached, with the 1' carbon linked to the nitrogenous base and the 5' carbon linked to the phosphate group.
Draw the phosphate group as a phosphorus atom bonded to four oxygen atoms, one of which forms a bond with the 5' carbon of the sugar.
Explain the formation of the nucleotide by linking the nitrogenous base to the sugar via a glycosidic bond (between the 1' carbon of the sugar and a nitrogen atom of the base), and linking the phosphate group to the sugar via a phosphoester bond (between the phosphate and the 5' carbon of the sugar). During these linkages, a water molecule (H₂O) is removed in each condensation reaction: one when the base attaches to the sugar and one when the phosphate attaches to the sugar.
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Components of a Nucleotide
A nucleotide consists of three parts: a nitrogenous base (adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine, or uracil), a five-carbon sugar (deoxyribose in DNA or ribose in RNA), and one or more phosphate groups. Each component has a distinct chemical structure essential for forming nucleic acids.
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06:25
DNA Structure
Phosphodiester Bond Formation
Nucleotides link together via phosphodiester bonds, which connect the 3' hydroxyl group of one sugar to the 5' phosphate group of the next. This linkage forms the sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA or RNA, creating a stable chain essential for genetic information storage.
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04:06Formation of Plant Gametes
Dehydration Synthesis in Nucleotide Linking
When nucleotides join, a dehydration reaction occurs, removing a water molecule (H2O). Specifically, a hydroxyl group (OH) from the sugar and a hydrogen (H) from the phosphate group are lost, enabling the formation of the phosphodiester bond that links nucleotides.
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07:56Sex-Linked Genes
Pratica correlata
Domanda del libro di testo
Does the design of the Hershey–Chase experiment distinguish between DNA and RNA as the molecule serving as the genetic material? Why or why not?
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Domanda del libro di testo
Adenine may also be named 6-amino purine. How would you name the other four nitrogenous bases, using this alternative system? (O is indicated by 'oxy-,' and CH₃ by 'methyl.')
996
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Domanda del libro di testo
What are the exceptions to the general rule that DNA is the genetic material in all organisms? What evidence supports these exceptions?
883
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Domanda del libro di testo
How are the carbon and nitrogen atoms of the sugars, purines, and pyrimidines numbered?
794
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Domanda del libro di testo
Draw the chemical structure of a dinucleotide composed of A and G. Opposite this structure, draw the dinucleotide composed of T and C in an antiparallel (or upside-down) fashion. Form the possible hydrogen bonds.
1002
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