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Competing endogenous RNAs act as molecular 'sponges.' What does this mean, and what do they compete with?
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Ch. 18 - Post-transcriptional Regulation in Eukaryotes
Klug12th EditionConcepts of GeneticsISBN: 9780135564776
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TOC.tableOfContents
- Ch. 1 - Introduction to Genetics17
- Ch. 2 - Mitosis and Meiosis36
- Ch. 3 - Mendelian Genetics51
- Ch. 4 - Extensions of Mendelian Genetics74
- Ch. 5 - Chromosome Mapping in Eukaryotes51
- Ch. 6 - Genetic Analysis and Mapping in Bacteria and Bacteriophages46
- Ch. 7 - Sex Determination and Sex Chromosomes33
- Ch. 8 - Chromosome Mutations: Variation in Number and Arrangement40
- Ch. 9 - Extranuclear Inheritance31
- Ch. 10 - DNA Structure and Analysis43
- Ch. 11 - DNA Replication and Recombination44
- Ch. 12 - DNA Organization in Chromosomes30
- Ch. 13 - The Genetic Code and Transcription54
- Ch. 14 - Translation and Proteins47
- Ch. 15 - Gene Mutation, DNA Repair, and Transposition41
- Ch. 16 - Regulation of Gene Expression in Bacteria29
- Ch. 17 - Transcriptional Regulation in Eukaryotes41
- Ch. 18 - Post-transcriptional Regulation in Eukaryotes33
- Ch. 19 - Epigenetics33
- Ch. 20 - Recombinant DNA Technology44
- Ch. 21 - Genomic Analysis36
- Ch. 22 - Applications of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology36
- Ch. 23 - Developmental Genetics37
- Ch. 24 - Cancer Genetics34
- Ch. 25 - Quantitative Genetics and Multifactorial Traits54
- Ch. 26 - Population and Evolutionary Genetics45
Klug12th EditionConcepts of GeneticsISBN: 9780135564776Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
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Klug 12th EditionCh. 18 - Post-transcriptional Regulation in EukaryotesProblema 14
Klug 12th EditionCh. 18 - Post-transcriptional Regulation in EukaryotesProblema 14Capitolo 18, Problema 14
miRNAs target endogenous mRNAs in a sequence-specific manner. Explain, conceptually, how one might identify potential mRNA targets for a given miRNA if you only know the sequence of the miRNA and the sequence of all mRNAs in a cell or tissue of interest.
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Understand that miRNAs regulate gene expression by binding to complementary sequences on target mRNAs, usually within the 3' untranslated region (3' UTR), leading to mRNA degradation or translational repression.
Recognize that identifying potential mRNA targets involves searching for regions in mRNAs that are complementary to the miRNA sequence, especially focusing on the 'seed region' of the miRNA, which is typically nucleotides 2-8 at the 5' end and is critical for target recognition.
Use bioinformatics tools or algorithms to perform sequence alignment between the miRNA seed region and the sequences of all mRNAs in the cell or tissue, looking for perfect or near-perfect complementary matches.
Consider additional factors such as the accessibility of the target site on the mRNA (secondary structure), evolutionary conservation of the target site across species, and the presence of multiple binding sites to increase confidence in predicted targets.
Compile a list of candidate mRNAs with complementary sequences and evaluate them further experimentally or through additional computational analyses to confirm functional miRNA-mRNA interactions.
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miRNA-mRNA Base Pairing
miRNAs regulate gene expression by binding to complementary sequences on target mRNAs, usually within the 3' untranslated region. This binding is sequence-specific, relying on Watson-Crick base pairing, especially in the miRNA seed region (nucleotides 2-8). Identifying potential targets involves finding mRNAs with complementary sequences to the miRNA seed region.
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03:49
Base Distortions
Sequence Alignment and Complementarity Search
To identify potential mRNA targets, computational tools align the miRNA sequence against mRNA sequences to find regions of complementarity. Algorithms consider perfect or near-perfect matches in the seed region and allow some mismatches elsewhere. This approach narrows down candidate mRNAs that may be regulated by the miRNA.
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08:41Sequencing Difficulties
Biological Context and Target Validation
Not all sequence matches result in functional targeting; factors like mRNA accessibility, secondary structure, and expression levels influence miRNA binding. Therefore, after computational prediction, experimental validation (e.g., reporter assays) is necessary to confirm true miRNA-mRNA interactions in the specific cell or tissue context.
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06:38Regulation
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