Domanda del libro di testo
Which of the following contains a coordinate covalent bond? (Hint: How many covalent bonds would you expect the central atom (underlined/bold) to form?)
a. PbCl2
b. Cu(NH3)42+
c. NH4+
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Ch.4 Molecular Compounds
McMurry8th EditionFundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134015187
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TOC.tableOfContents
- Ch.1 Matter and Measurements27
- Ch.2 Atoms and the Periodic Table20
- Ch.3 Ionic Compounds8
- Ch.4 Molecular Compounds23
- Ch.5 Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions12
- Ch.6 Chemical Reactions: Mole and Mass Relationships28
- Ch.7 Chemical Reactions: Energy, Rate and Equilibrium64
- Ch.8 Gases, Liquids and Solids24
- Ch.9 Solutions52
- Ch.10 Acids and Bases25
- Ch.11 Nuclear Chemistry22
- Ch.12 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Alkanes57
- Ch.13 Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds47
- Ch.14 Some Compounds with Oxygen, Sulfur, or a Halogen50
- Ch.15 Aldehydes and Ketones45
- Ch.16 Amines42
- Ch.17 Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives57
- Ch.18 Amino Acids and Proteins82
- Ch.19 Enzymes and Vitamins63
- Ch.20 Carbohydrates44
- Ch.21 The Generation of Biochemical Energy65
- Ch.22 Carbohydrate Metabolism45
- Ch.23 Lipids42
- Ch.24 Lipid Metabolism33
- Ch.25 Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism24
- Ch.26 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis45
McMurry8th EditionFundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134015187Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Capitolo 4, Problema 35
Write electron-dot symbols to show the number of covalent bonds and the lone pairs of electrons in the molecules that are formed by reactions between the atoms in Problem 4.34.
a. Aluminum and bromine
b. Carbon and fluorine
c. Cesium and iodine
d. Zinc and fluorine
e. Lithium and chlorine
Guida verificata passo dopo passo1
Identify the atoms involved in the molecules from Problem 4.34 and determine their valence electrons using their group number in the periodic table. For example, Group 1 elements have 1 valence electron, Group 14 elements have 4 valence electrons, etc.
Determine how many covalent bonds each atom needs to form to achieve a full octet (or duet for hydrogen). This is typically done by subtracting the number of valence electrons from 8 (or 2 for hydrogen).
Draw the electron-dot symbols for each atom, showing their valence electrons as dots around the element symbol. Pair up electrons to form covalent bonds between atoms, ensuring that each atom achieves a full octet (or duet for hydrogen).
Indicate any lone pairs of electrons (non-bonding pairs) that remain on each atom after forming the covalent bonds. These are the electrons that are not shared between atoms.
Verify the structure by counting the total number of valence electrons in the molecule and ensuring it matches the sum of the valence electrons of all the atoms involved. Adjust the structure if necessary to satisfy the octet rule and maintain the correct number of electrons.
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Electron-Dot Symbols
Electron-dot symbols, also known as Lewis dot structures, represent the valence electrons of an atom. Each dot corresponds to a valence electron, and they are used to illustrate how atoms bond with each other through covalent bonds. In these symbols, shared pairs of electrons are depicted as lines between atoms, while lone pairs are shown as pairs of dots.
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01:27
Lewis Dot Symbols (Simplified) Concept 2
Covalent Bonds
Covalent bonds are chemical bonds formed when two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons. This sharing allows each atom to attain a full outer shell of electrons, achieving greater stability. The number of shared electron pairs determines the bond order, with single, double, and triple bonds representing one, two, and three shared pairs, respectively.
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01:04Covalent Bonds Example 1
Lone Pairs
Lone pairs are pairs of valence electrons that are not involved in bonding and remain localized on a single atom. They play a crucial role in determining the geometry and reactivity of molecules. In electron-dot symbols, lone pairs are represented as pairs of dots adjacent to the atom, influencing molecular shape and polarity.
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2:56Base Pairing Concept 1
Pratica correlata
Domanda del libro di testo
A compound of gallium with chlorine has a melting point of 77°C and a boiling point of 201°C. Is the compound ionic or covalent? What is a likely formula?
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Domanda del libro di testo
Identify the bonds formed between the following pairs of atoms as either covalent or ionic.
d. Zinc and fluorine
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Domanda del libro di testo
What is a coordinate covalent bond, and how does it differ from a covalent bond?
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Domanda del libro di testo
What are likely formulas for the following molecules?
a. CH2Cl?
b. BH?
c. NI?
d. SiCl?
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Domanda del libro di testo
Distinguish between the following:
b. A structural formula and a condensed structure
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