Draw the following three isomers of C5H12 as condensed structures: b.

Ch.12 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Alkanes

McMurry - Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry 8th Edition

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McMurry 8th Edition

Ch.12 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Alkanes

Problema 5b

Capitolo 12, Problema 5b

Draw the following three isomers of C₅H₁₂ as condensed structures:
b.

Guida verificata passo dopo passo

Step 1: Understand the concept of isomers. Isomers are compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements. For C₅H₁₂, the molecular formula represents an alkane (saturated hydrocarbon). The three isomers will differ in how the carbon atoms are connected.

Step 2: Identify the possible structural arrangements for C₅H₁₂. Start with the straight-chain structure (n-pentane), where all five carbon atoms are connected in a single continuous chain. Write this as a condensed structure: CH₃-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-CH₃.

Step 3: Create a branched isomer by moving one of the terminal carbon atoms to form a branch. This results in isobutane (2-methylbutane). Write the condensed structure as: CH₃-CH(CH₃)-CH₂-CH₃.

Step 4: Create another branched isomer by moving two terminal carbon atoms to form a more compact structure. This results in neopentane (2,2-dimethylpropane). Write the condensed structure as: CH₃-C(CH₃)₂-CH₃.

Step 5: Verify that all three structures have the molecular formula C₅H₁₂ and that they are unique. Ensure that each structure adheres to the rules of valency for carbon (each carbon atom forms four bonds) and hydrogen.

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Isomers

Isomers are compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements of atoms. This can lead to variations in physical and chemical properties. In the case of C₅H₁₂, there are several structural isomers, including straight-chain and branched forms, which must be accurately represented in condensed structural formulas.

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2:16

Isomers Concept 1

Condensed Structures

Condensed structures are a way of representing the molecular structure of a compound in a simplified format. They show the connectivity of atoms without depicting all the bonds explicitly. For example, in a condensed structure, the carbon atoms and their attached hydrogen atoms are grouped together, making it easier to visualize the arrangement of atoms in isomers.

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1:53

Condensed Formula Concept 1

C₅H₁₂ (Pentane)

C₅H₁₂, commonly known as pentane, is an alkane with five carbon atoms. It serves as a fundamental example in organic chemistry for studying isomerism. The three main isomers of pentane include n-pentane (a straight chain), isopentane (a branched chain), and neopentane (a more compact branched structure), each with distinct properties and applications.

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