Question

Draw the following three isomers of C5H12 as condensed structures:c.

Accepted Answer

Step 1: Understand the problem. The molecular formula C₅H₁₂ corresponds to an alkane, which is a hydrocarbon with only single bonds. Isomers are compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements. For C₅H₁₂, we need to draw three different structural isomers. Step 2: Start with the simplest structure, the straight-chain alkane (n-pentane). Arrange all five carbon atoms in a single continuous chain and add the appropriate number of hydrogen atoms to each carbon to satisfy the octet rule (each carbon should form four bonds). Write this as a condensed structure. Step 3: Create the first branched isomer (isopentane). Rearrange the carbon atoms so that there is a main chain of four carbons with one methyl group (-CH₃) branching off the second carbon. Again, add the appropriate number of hydrogen atoms to each carbon and write the condensed structure. Step 4: Create the second branched isomer (neopentane). Rearrange the carbon atoms so that there is a central carbon atom bonded to four other carbon atoms (a quaternary carbon). Add the appropriate number of hydrogen atoms to each carbon and write the condensed structure. Step 5: Verify that all three structures have the molecular formula C₅H₁₂ and that they are unique. Ensure that each carbon has four bonds and that the structures are distinct from one another. Label each isomer appropriately (n-pentane, isopentane, neopentane).

Draw the following three isomers of C₅H₁₂ as condensed structures:
c.

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Concetti chiave

Isomers

Condensed Structures

C₅H₁₂ Molecular Formula