Domanda del libro di testo
Define the following terms:
b. Achiral
1222
views
Ch.14 Some Compounds with Oxygen, Sulfur, or a Halogen
McMurry8th EditionFundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134015187
Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testoScegli un libro di testo diverso
TOC.tableOfContents
- Ch.1 Matter and Measurements27
- Ch.2 Atoms and the Periodic Table20
- Ch.3 Ionic Compounds8
- Ch.4 Molecular Compounds23
- Ch.5 Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions12
- Ch.6 Chemical Reactions: Mole and Mass Relationships28
- Ch.7 Chemical Reactions: Energy, Rate and Equilibrium64
- Ch.8 Gases, Liquids and Solids24
- Ch.9 Solutions52
- Ch.10 Acids and Bases25
- Ch.11 Nuclear Chemistry22
- Ch.12 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Alkanes57
- Ch.13 Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds47
- Ch.14 Some Compounds with Oxygen, Sulfur, or a Halogen50
- Ch.15 Aldehydes and Ketones45
- Ch.16 Amines42
- Ch.17 Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives57
- Ch.18 Amino Acids and Proteins82
- Ch.19 Enzymes and Vitamins63
- Ch.20 Carbohydrates44
- Ch.21 The Generation of Biochemical Energy65
- Ch.22 Carbohydrate Metabolism45
- Ch.23 Lipids42
- Ch.24 Lipid Metabolism33
- Ch.25 Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism24
- Ch.26 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis45
McMurry8th EditionFundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134015187Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Tutti i libri di testo
McMurry 8th EditionCh.14 Some Compounds with Oxygen, Sulfur, or a HalogenProblema 54
McMurry 8th EditionCh.14 Some Compounds with Oxygen, Sulfur, or a HalogenProblema 54Capitolo 14, Problema 54
The boiling point of propanol is 97 °C ,much higher than that of either ethanethiol (37 °C) or chloroethane (13 °C) , even though all three compounds have similar MWs. Explain.
Guida verificata passo dopo passo1
Step 1: Identify the molecular structures of the three compounds: Propanol (C3H8O), Ethanethiol (C2H6S), and Chloroethane (C2H5Cl). Note that all three have similar molecular weights but differ in functional groups.
Step 2: Explain the concept of intermolecular forces. Intermolecular forces include hydrogen bonding, dipole-dipole interactions, and London dispersion forces. The strength of these forces determines the boiling point of a substance.
Step 3: Analyze the functional groups in each compound. Propanol contains an -OH group, which allows for hydrogen bonding. Ethanethiol contains an -SH group, which is less electronegative than oxygen and forms weaker hydrogen bonds. Chloroethane contains a -Cl group, which primarily exhibits dipole-dipole interactions and London dispersion forces.
Step 4: Discuss the impact of hydrogen bonding on boiling points. Hydrogen bonding is the strongest intermolecular force among the three compounds. Propanol's ability to form hydrogen bonds significantly increases its boiling point compared to ethanethiol and chloroethane.
Step 5: Conclude that the higher boiling point of propanol is due to the presence of strong hydrogen bonding from its -OH group, whereas ethanethiol and chloroethane lack this capability, resulting in lower boiling points despite similar molecular weights.
Risposta video verificata per un problema simile:
Questa soluzione video è stata consigliata dai nostri tutor come utile per risolvere questo problema.
Concetti chiave
Ecco i concetti essenziali che devi comprendere per rispondere correttamente alla domanda.
Hydrogen Bonding
Hydrogen bonding is a strong type of dipole-dipole interaction that occurs when hydrogen is bonded to highly electronegative atoms like oxygen or nitrogen. In propanol, the presence of an -OH (hydroxyl) group allows for extensive hydrogen bonding between molecules, significantly raising its boiling point compared to ethanethiol and chloroethane, which lack such strong intermolecular forces.
Video consigliato:
Percorso guidato
1:22
Hydrogenation Reactions Concept 1
Molecular Weight vs. Boiling Point
While molecular weight can influence boiling points, it is not the sole determinant. Compounds with similar molecular weights can exhibit vastly different boiling points due to variations in intermolecular forces. In this case, propanol's higher boiling point is attributed to its ability to form hydrogen bonds, whereas ethanethiol and chloroethane rely on weaker van der Waals forces.
Video consigliato:
Percorso guidato
03:05Boiling Point Elevation Concept 1
Intermolecular Forces
Intermolecular forces are the forces of attraction or repulsion between molecules, which significantly affect physical properties like boiling points. Propanol's strong hydrogen bonds lead to higher boiling points, while ethanethiol and chloroethane, which primarily exhibit weaker London dispersion forces and dipole-dipole interactions, have lower boiling points despite similar molecular weights.
Video consigliato:
Percorso guidato
01:59Intermolecular Forces (Simplified) Concept 1
Pratica correlata
Domanda del libro di testo
Oxidation of a dithiol such as 2,5-hexanedithiol forms a six-membered ring containing a disulfide group as part of the ring. Draw the structure of this cyclic disulfide (Hint: Draw the starting compound in line structure format first).
644
views
Domanda del libro di testo
What is the structural relationship between a thiol and an alcohol?
1818
views
Domanda del libro di testo
Propanol is very soluble in water, but ethanethiol and chloroethane are only slightly soluble. Explain.
56
views
Domanda del libro di testo
Define the following terms:
c. Chiral carbon
1651
views
Domanda del libro di testo
What alcohols would you oxidize to obtain the following carbonyl compounds?
a.
b.
c.
735
views
1
rank