Complete and balance the equation for each of the following reactions:
b. Zn(s) + HCl(aq) →

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Identify the type of reaction: This is a single replacement reaction where zinc (Zn), a metal, reacts with hydrochloric acid (HCl), an acid, to produce a salt and hydrogen gas.

Write the unbalanced equation: Zn(s) + HCl(aq) → ZnCl₂(aq) + H₂(g). Zinc replaces the hydrogen in HCl, forming zinc chloride (ZnCl₂) and hydrogen gas (H₂).

Balance the equation for the number of atoms of each element on both sides. Start with the hydrogen atoms: Since there are 2 hydrogen atoms in H₂, you need 2 molecules of HCl. The updated equation becomes Zn(s) + 2HCl(aq) → ZnCl₂(aq) + H₂(g).

Verify that the equation is balanced: Check that the number of atoms for each element is the same on both sides. Zinc (Zn) has 1 atom on each side, chlorine (Cl) has 2 atoms on each side, and hydrogen (H) has 2 atoms on each side.

Confirm the physical states of the reactants and products: Zinc is a solid (s), hydrochloric acid is aqueous (aq), zinc chloride is aqueous (aq), and hydrogen is a gas (g). The final balanced equation is Zn(s) + 2HCl(aq) → ZnCl₂(aq) + H₂(g).

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Balancing Chemical Equations

Balancing chemical equations involves ensuring that the number of atoms for each element is the same on both sides of the equation. This is based on the law of conservation of mass, which states that matter cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction. To balance an equation, coefficients are adjusted in front of the chemical formulas.

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01:32

Balancing Chemical Equations (Simplified) Concept 1

Types of Chemical Reactions

The reaction between zinc (Zn) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) is an example of a single displacement reaction, where one element displaces another in a compound. In this case, zinc displaces hydrogen from hydrochloric acid, forming zinc chloride and hydrogen gas. Understanding the type of reaction helps predict the products formed.

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Types of Chemical Reactions Concept 1

Reactants and Products

In a chemical reaction, reactants are the starting substances that undergo change, while products are the substances formed as a result of the reaction. In the given equation, zinc and hydrochloric acid are the reactants, and the products will include zinc chloride (ZnCl2) and hydrogen gas (H2). Identifying reactants and products is crucial for writing and balancing chemical equations.

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