Domanda del libro di testo
Identify the solute and the solvent in each solution composed of the following:
a. 10.0 g of NaCl and 100.0 g of H2O
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Ch.9 Solutions
Timberlake13th EditionChemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134421353
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TOC.tableOfContents
- Ch.1 Chemistry in Our Lives11
- Ch.2 Chemistry and Measurements80
- Ch.3 Matter and Energy54
- Ch.4 Atoms and Elements51
- Ch.5 Nuclear Chemistry42
- Ch.6 Ionic and Molecular Compounds57
- Ch.7 Chemical Quantities and Reactions41
- Ch.8 Gases29
- Ch.9 Solutions51
- Ch.10 Acids and Bases and Equilibrium65
- Ch.11 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Hydrocarbons78
- Ch.12 Alcohols, Thiols, Ethers, Aldehydes, and Ketones83
- Ch.13 Carbohydrates54
- Ch.14 Carboxylic Acids, Esters, Amines, and Amides90
- Ch.15 Lipids61
- Ch.16 Amino Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes84
- Ch.17 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis83
- Ch.18 Metabolic Pathways and ATP Production67
Timberlake13th EditionChemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134421353Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Capitolo 9, Problema 5d
Water is a polar solvent and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is a nonpolar solvent. In which solvent is each of the following, which is found or used in the body, more likely to be soluble?
d. cholesterol (lipid), nonpolar
Guida verificata passo dopo passo1
Step 1: Understand the concept of solubility. Solubility is determined by the principle 'like dissolves like,' meaning polar substances dissolve in polar solvents, and nonpolar substances dissolve in nonpolar solvents.
Step 2: Identify the polarity of the solute. Cholesterol is a lipid and is primarily nonpolar due to its hydrocarbon structure, although it has a small polar hydroxyl group (-OH). Overall, it is considered nonpolar.
Step 3: Identify the polarity of the solvents. Water is a polar solvent because of its bent molecular geometry and the electronegativity difference between oxygen and hydrogen. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) is a nonpolar solvent because of its symmetrical tetrahedral structure, which cancels out any dipole moments.
Step 4: Apply the 'like dissolves like' principle. Since cholesterol is nonpolar, it will be more soluble in a nonpolar solvent like carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) than in a polar solvent like water.
Step 5: Conclude that cholesterol, being nonpolar, is more likely to dissolve in carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄), a nonpolar solvent, rather than in water, a polar solvent.
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Polarity of Solvents
Polarity refers to the distribution of electrical charge over the atoms in a molecule. Polar solvents, like water, have a significant difference in electronegativity between their atoms, leading to a partial positive and negative charge. Nonpolar solvents, such as carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄), have an even distribution of charge, making them effective for dissolving nonpolar substances.
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Percorso guidato
01:34
Molecular Polarity (Simplified) Concept 1
Solubility Principles
The principle of 'like dissolves like' is fundamental in chemistry, indicating that polar solvents dissolve polar substances, while nonpolar solvents dissolve nonpolar substances. This principle is crucial for understanding how different molecules interact in biological systems, particularly in the context of lipid solubility in various solvents.
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Percorso guidato
00:28Solubility Rules
Cholesterol and Lipids
Cholesterol is a type of lipid, which is inherently nonpolar due to its hydrocarbon structure. As a result, cholesterol is more soluble in nonpolar solvents like carbon tetrachloride than in polar solvents like water. This characteristic is important for its biological functions, including membrane structure and fluidity.
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Percorso guidato
3:36Intro to Lipids Concept 1
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