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Ch.13 Carbohydrates
Timberlake - Chemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry 14th Edition
Timberlake14th EditionChemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9781292472249Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Tutti i libri di testoTimberlake 14th EditionCh.13 CarbohydratesProblema 50c
Capitolo 13, Problema 50c

Give the name of one or more polysaccharides that matches each of the following descriptions:
b. contains only ß(1→4)-glycosidic bonds

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Step 1: Understand the structure of polysaccharides. Polysaccharides are long chains of monosaccharides linked by glycosidic bonds. The type of glycosidic bond determines the structure and function of the polysaccharide.
Step 2: Recall the specific glycosidic bond mentioned in the problem. A ß(1→4)-glycosidic bond means that the bond connects the first carbon (C1) of one monosaccharide in the beta configuration to the fourth carbon (C4) of the next monosaccharide.
Step 3: Identify polysaccharides that exclusively contain ß(1→4)-glycosidic bonds. One example is cellulose, which is composed of glucose units linked by ß(1→4)-glycosidic bonds.
Step 4: Consider the structural implications of ß(1→4)-glycosidic bonds. These bonds result in a straight, rigid structure, which is why cellulose forms strong fibers and is a major component of plant cell walls.
Step 5: Conclude that cellulose is a polysaccharide that matches the description provided in the problem, as it contains only ß(1→4)-glycosidic bonds.

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Polysaccharides

Polysaccharides are long chains of monosaccharide units linked by glycosidic bonds. They serve various functions in living organisms, including energy storage and structural support. Common examples include starch, glycogen, and cellulose, each differing in their monomer composition and bond types.
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Polysaccharides Example 1

Glycosidic Bonds

Glycosidic bonds are covalent linkages formed between monosaccharides during the process of glycosylation. The type of glycosidic bond, such as α or ß, determines the structural properties and digestibility of the polysaccharide. For instance, ß(1→4)-glycosidic bonds are characteristic of cellulose, which is not digestible by humans.
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Glycosidic Linkage Formation Concept 1

Cellulose

Cellulose is a polysaccharide composed of β(1→4)-linked glucose units, forming a linear structure that provides rigidity to plant cell walls. Its unique bonding structure makes it insoluble in water and resistant to enzymatic breakdown, which is why it serves as a crucial component of dietary fiber in human nutrition.
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