Question 1

Which of the following best describes the structural difference between glucose and starch?

Accepted Answer

Glucose is a monosaccharide, while starch is a polysaccharide composed of many glucose units.

Question 2

What is the general formula for carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

$$C_n(H_2O)_n$$

Question 3

Which functional groups are most relevant in carbohydrate molecules?

Accepted Answer

Hydroxyl ($$-OH) $$and carbonyl ($$-C=O) $$groups

Question 4

How much energy is provided by 1 gram of carbohydrate?

Accepted Answer

$$4\ 	ext{kcal}$$

Question 5

Which of the following is a complex carbohydrate?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Question 6

How is glucose stored in the human body?

Accepted Answer

As glycogen in the liver and muscles

Question 7

Which hormone lowers blood glucose levels after a meal?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Question 8

What is the recommended Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) for percent of daily energy from carbohydrates for adults?

Accepted Answer

45–65%

Question 9

Which of the following is a benefit of dietary fiber?

Accepted Answer

It helps regulate blood glucose and lowers cholesterol.

Question 10

A patient is experiencing symptoms of hypoglycemia. Which of the following is NOT a typical symptom?

Accepted Answer

High blood pressure

Question 11

Which of the following foods is a nutrient-dense source of carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

Quinoa

Question 12

If the body does not have enough carbohydrates, what metabolic process is likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

Ketosis

Question 13

What is the DRI for percent of daily energy from lipids (fats) for adults?

Accepted Answer

20–35%

Question 14

Which of the following is a characteristic of a saturated fat?

Accepted Answer

It contains no double bonds between carbon atoms.

Question 15

Why are omega-3 fatty acids considered important in the diet?

Accepted Answer

They reduce inflammation and support heart health.

Question 16

Which of the following foods is a good source of EPA and DHA?

Accepted Answer

Fatty fish such as salmon and mackerel

Question 17

What is the basic structure of an amino acid?

Accepted Answer

A central carbon atom bonded to an amino group ($$-NH_2$), a carboxyl group (-$$COOH$$), a hydrogen atom, and a variable R group.

Question 18

How much energy is provided by 1 gram of protein?

Accepted Answer

$$4\ 	ext{kcal}$$

Question 19

Which of the following is an essential amino acid?

Accepted Answer

Leucine

Question 20

Which food is considered a complete protein source?

Accepted Answer

Eggs

Comprehensive Study Guide: Carbohydrates, Lipids, and Proteins in Nutrition

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