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Acids, Bases, Functional Groups, and Intermolecular Forces in Organic Chemistry

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Intermolecular Forces

  • How dipole-dipole forces work.
    01:46
  • How IMFs are related to melting and boiling points.
    03:08
  • How Van der Waals forces work.
    03:01

Solubility

  • Introducing common solvents and other molecules in organic chemistry.
    02:01
  • Understanding “like dissolves like”.
    01:47

Acid and Base Definitions

  • Lewis vs. Bronsted-Lowry Definition
    07:46
  • The Bronsted-Lowry definition of acids and bases.
    00:54
  • Equilibrium constant and conjugates.
    02:11

Equilibrium Constant and pKa

  • The pH scale vs. the pKa scale.
    02:15
  • The relationship between equilibrium constant and pKa.
    02:19
  • Why we use pKa instead of pH.
    01:46

pKa Values

  • Identifying pKa values
    07:45
  • The 12 pKa values you want to memorize (because they are important!).
    09:36

Factors Affecting Acidity

  • Which of the oxides is the most basic?
    00:30
  • The 3 factors that determine the strength of inductive effects.
    03:09
  • Using Inductive Effect to determine acidity
    01:54

Electronegativity

  • Differences between ionic, polar and covalent bonds
    11:33

Hybridization

  • How carbon creates 4 partially-filled orbitals.
    02:53
  • Bond sites, hybridization, and intermediate orbitals
    04:58
  • Introduction to the reactive intermediates.
    02:47

Resonance Structures

  • How to draw a resonance hybrid.
    03:24
  • The rules you need for resonance:
    03:34
  • How to determine which structure is most stable.
    01:32

Functional Groups

  • Assigning Degrees to Alkyl Halides
    01:30
  • Why we need functional groups.
    01:49
  • The difference between aldehydes and ketones.
    03:08

Alkane Nomenclature

  • Naming the root chain
    01:02
  • Provide the IUPAC name for the following alkane
    07:08
  • The different parts of an IUPAC name
    03:43

Naming Cycloalkanes

  • Name the following alkane
    00:53
  • Determining Root Name
    00:18
  • Determining Root Name
    00:34

Naming Alkenes

  • Name the following alkene
    02:04
  • How to name alkenes and alkynes
    01:55

Naming Alcohols

  • How to name alcohols
    01:01
  • Name the following compound
    03:59
  • Old school vs. new school naming
    03:03

Naming Amines

  • Naming Primary Amines
    06:50
  • Primary Amines as Substituents
    02:58
  • Naming Secondary and Tertiary Amines
    01:57

Nitrogenous Nucleophiles

  • Four Ways to Make a Primary Amine Precursor
    07:11
  • Provide the Major Product
    01:30

Naming Amides

  • Amide Nomenclature
    01:33
  • Name the molecule
    02:46
  • Draw the amide
    01:28

Naming Nitriles

  • Name the structure
    00:50
  • Nitrile Nomenclature
    01:01
  • Draw the molecule
    00:28