Predict the product of the following reactions.
(b)

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Identify the type of reaction: The reaction involves an alcohol and hydrochloric acid (HCl), which typically leads to a substitution reaction where the hydroxyl group (-OH) is replaced by a chloride ion (Cl-).

Consider the mechanism: The reaction likely proceeds via an SN1 mechanism due to the tertiary nature of the alcohol. Tertiary alcohols favor SN1 reactions because the carbocation intermediate is stabilized by the surrounding alkyl groups.

Formation of carbocation: The hydroxyl group is protonated by HCl, forming water, which is a good leaving group. This leads to the formation of a carbocation intermediate after the departure of water.

Nucleophilic attack: The chloride ion (Cl-) from HCl will attack the carbocation, resulting in the formation of the alkyl chloride product.

Consider stereochemistry: Since the reaction proceeds via an SN1 mechanism, the product will be racemic if the original alcohol was chiral, due to the planar nature of the carbocation intermediate allowing attack from either side.

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