Skip to main content
Ch. 2 - General Chemistry Translated: Finding the Electrons
Mullins - Organic Chemistry: A Learner Centered Approach 1st Edition
Mullins1st EditionOrganic Chemistry: A Learner Centered ApproachISBN: 9780137566471Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Capitolo 1, Problema 28f

Calculate the formal charge of the indicated atom in the following molecules or ions.
(f) Lewis structure showing bromine bonded to oxygen, with an arrow indicating the atom for formal charge calculation.

Guida verificata passo dopo passo
1
Step 1: Recall the formula for calculating formal charge: Formal Charge = (Valence Electrons) - (Non-bonding Electrons) - (1/2 × Bonding Electrons).
Step 2: Identify the atom in question. In this case, the atom is the oxygen circled in blue.
Step 3: Determine the number of valence electrons for oxygen. Oxygen is in Group 16 of the periodic table, so it has 6 valence electrons.
Step 4: Count the non-bonding electrons (lone pairs) on the oxygen atom. From the structure, there are 4 non-bonding electrons (two lone pairs).
Step 5: Count the bonding electrons. The oxygen atom is involved in a single bond with the carbon atom, which contributes 2 bonding electrons. Use the formula to calculate the formal charge.

Risposta video verificata per un problema simile:

Questa soluzione video è stata consigliata dai nostri tutor come utile per risolvere questo problema.
Durata del video:
1m

Concetti chiave

Ecco i concetti essenziali che devi comprendere per rispondere correttamente alla domanda.

Formal Charge

Formal charge is a theoretical charge assigned to an atom in a molecule, calculated based on the number of valence electrons, the number of non-bonding electrons, and half the number of bonding electrons. It helps in determining the most stable structure of a molecule by minimizing the formal charges across the atoms.
Video consigliato:
01:34
Calculating formal and net charge.

Lewis Structures

Lewis structures are diagrams that represent the bonding between atoms in a molecule and the lone pairs of electrons that may exist. They are essential for visualizing the arrangement of electrons and understanding how formal charges are distributed among atoms in a molecule.
Video consigliato:
04:12
Drawing the Lewis Structure for N2H4.

Valence Electrons

Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell of an atom that are involved in forming bonds with other atoms. Knowing the number of valence electrons for each atom is crucial for calculating formal charges and drawing accurate Lewis structures.
Video consigliato:
03:40
Valence Electrons of Transition Metals