8. Centripetal Forces & Gravitation

When an automobile is braked to a stop, its $KE$ is transformed primarily into which form of energy?

In the context of circular orbits, the total mechanical energy of an orbiting object is related to which of the following quantities?

A magnitude $7.0$ earthquake releases approximately how much energy, expressed in terms of the equivalent energy released by the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima (about $6\times {10}^{13}$ joules)?

Golf drives travel much farther than major league home runs. Why might this be?

Which form of energy made it possible to operate machines anytime and anyplace, revolutionizing the use of mechanical devices in the context of circular orbits and beyond?

Which of the following correctly expresses the total mechanical energy $E$ of a mass $m$ in a stable circular orbit of radius $r$ around a much larger mass $M$ due to gravity?

Which of the following best describes the total mechanical energy of a planet of mass $m$ in a stable circular orbit of radius $r$ around a star of mass $M$?

Which of the following best describes the total energy of a particle in a stable circular orbit around a star, such as those involved in a star’s fusion reaction?

For an object of mass $m$ orbiting a much larger mass $M$ in a stable circular orbit of radius $r$, what is the total mechanical energy of the object?

Which of the following best describes the total mechanical energy $E$ of a planet of mass $m$ in a stable circular orbit of radius $r$ around a star of mass $M$?

Which of the following equations represents mass-energy equivalence?

Approximately how much mass does the Sun lose every second due to nuclear fusion in its core?

If a microhydro dam generates $1\mathrm{MW}$ of power continuously, how much energy in $\mathrm{kWh}$ does it produce in one day?

To determine the total energy of an electron in a circular orbit around a nucleus, which of the following values must be known?

In nuclear power plants, what happens to the heat produced from fission reactions?