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Ch. 27 - Magnetism
Giancoli Douglas - Physics for Scientists and Engineers 5th edition
Giancoli Douglas5th editionPhysics for Scientists and EngineersISBN: 9780137488179Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Capitolo 26, Problema 27

A particle of charge q moves in a circular path of radius r in a uniform magnetic field B→\(\overrightarrow{B}\). If the magnitude of the magnetic field is doubled, and the kinetic energy of the particle remains constant, what happens to the angular momentum of the particle?

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The angular momentum of a particle in a magnetic field is given by the expression: L = mvr, where m is the mass of the particle, v is its velocity, and r is the radius of the circular path.
The radius of the circular motion in a magnetic field is determined by the balance of the centripetal force and the magnetic force: r = mv / (qB), where q is the charge of the particle and B is the magnetic field strength.
If the magnetic field strength B is doubled, the radius of the circular path becomes: r' = r / 2, since r is inversely proportional to B.
The kinetic energy of the particle remains constant, which means the velocity v does not change. Therefore, the angular momentum becomes: L' = mvr' = L / 2, where L is the original angular momentum.
Thus, the angular momentum of the particle is halved when the magnetic field strength is doubled, while keeping the kinetic energy constant.

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Magnetic Force on a Charged Particle

When a charged particle moves in a magnetic field, it experiences a magnetic force that acts perpendicular to both the velocity of the particle and the direction of the magnetic field. This force causes the particle to move in a circular path, with the radius of the path determined by the balance between the magnetic force and the centripetal force required for circular motion.
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Kinetic Energy and Angular Momentum

The kinetic energy (KE) of a particle in circular motion is given by the equation KE = (1/2)mv², where m is the mass and v is the speed of the particle. Angular momentum (L) is defined as L = mvr, where r is the radius of the circular path. If the kinetic energy remains constant while the radius changes, the angular momentum will also change, as it is directly proportional to both the mass and the radius.
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Intro to Angular Momentum

Effect of Magnetic Field on Motion

Doubling the magnitude of the magnetic field (B) affects the motion of the charged particle. According to the Lorentz force law, the magnetic force is proportional to the magnetic field strength. If the magnetic field is increased while keeping the kinetic energy constant, the speed of the particle must adjust, which in turn affects the radius of the circular path and consequently the angular momentum.
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