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Ch 20: The Micro/Macro Connection
Knight Calc - Physics for Scientists and Engineers 5th Edition
Knight Calc5th EditionPhysics for Scientists and EngineersISBN: 9780137344796Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Capitolo 20, Problema 45

The pressure inside a tank of neon is 150 atm. The temperature is 25℃. On average, how many atomic diameters does a neon atom move between collisions?

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Step 1: Convert the temperature from Celsius to Kelvin using the formula: T=T+273.15. This is necessary because the ideal gas law and kinetic theory calculations require temperature in Kelvin.
Step 2: Use the ideal gas law to calculate the number density of neon atoms in the tank. The formula is: n=PkT, where P is the pressure, k is Boltzmann's constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.
Step 3: Calculate the mean free path of a neon atom using the formula: λ=14πd^2n, where d is the atomic diameter of neon and n is the number density calculated in Step 2.
Step 4: Express the mean free path in terms of atomic diameters by dividing the mean free path λ by the atomic diameter d. This gives the average number of atomic diameters a neon atom moves between collisions.
Step 5: Ensure all units are consistent throughout the calculations (e.g., pressure in atm, temperature in Kelvin, atomic diameter in meters) to avoid errors. Substitute the known values for pressure, temperature, Boltzmann's constant, and atomic diameter to complete the calculation.

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Kinetic Molecular Theory

Kinetic Molecular Theory explains the behavior of gases in terms of particles in constant motion. It posits that gas particles move freely and collide elastically with each other and the walls of their container. This theory helps in understanding how temperature and pressure affect the speed and frequency of collisions between gas particles.
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Introduction to Kinetic-Molecular Theory

Mean Free Path

Mean Free Path is the average distance a particle travels between collisions in a gas. It is influenced by factors such as the density of the gas and the size of the particles. Understanding mean free path is crucial for calculating how far a neon atom moves before colliding with another atom in the tank.
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Ideal Gas Law

The Ideal Gas Law relates pressure, volume, temperature, and the number of moles of a gas through the equation PV = nRT. This law provides a framework for understanding the behavior of gases under various conditions. In this context, it can be used to derive relationships that help estimate the mean free path and the behavior of neon gas in the tank.
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Ideal Gases and the Ideal Gas Law
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