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Ch 23: Electric Potential
Young & Freedman Calc - University Physics 14th Edition
Young & Freedman Calc14th EditionUniversity PhysicsISBN: 9780321973610Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Capitolo 23, Problema 20a

An electron is to be accelerated from 3.00×1063.00\(\times\)10^6 m/s to 8.00×1068.00\(\times\)10^6 m/s. Through what potential difference must the electron pass to accomplish this?

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First, understand that the problem involves the kinetic energy change of an electron due to acceleration. The kinetic energy (KE) of an electron can be calculated using the formula: Ke=12mv2, where m is the mass of the electron and v is its velocity.
Calculate the initial kinetic energy using the initial velocity vi = 3.00x10^6 m/s. Substitute this value into the kinetic energy formula: Ki=12mvi2.
Calculate the final kinetic energy using the final velocity vf = 8.00x10^6 m/s. Substitute this value into the kinetic energy formula: Kf=12mvf2.
Determine the change in kinetic energy, which is the difference between the final and initial kinetic energies: ΔK=Kf-Ki.
Relate the change in kinetic energy to the potential difference using the work-energy principle. The work done on the electron is equal to the change in kinetic energy, and this work is also equal to the charge of the electron multiplied by the potential difference: eV=ΔK. Solve for the potential difference V.

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Concetti chiave

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Kinetic Energy

Kinetic energy is the energy possessed by an object due to its motion, calculated using the formula KE = 0.5 * m * v^2, where m is mass and v is velocity. In this problem, the change in kinetic energy of the electron as it accelerates from one velocity to another is crucial for determining the potential difference required.
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Intro to Rotational Kinetic Energy

Electric Potential Difference

Electric potential difference, measured in volts, is the work done per unit charge to move a charge between two points in an electric field. It relates to the energy change of a charged particle, such as an electron, as it moves through an electric field, and is essential for calculating the energy required to change the electron's velocity.
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Electric Potential

Conservation of Energy

The conservation of energy principle states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another. In this context, the work done on the electron by the electric field (potential energy) is converted into kinetic energy, allowing us to equate the change in kinetic energy to the work done by the potential difference.
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Conservation Of Mechanical Energy
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