Question 1

Which of the following correctly describes the function of the glenoid labrum in the shoulder joint?

Accepted Answer

It deepens the glenoid cavity to increase joint stability.

Question 2

A patient presents with difficulty performing plantar flexion. Which muscle is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Gastrocnemius

Question 3

Which structure is responsible for transmitting action potentials from the axon hillock to the synaptic terminal?

Accepted Answer

Axon

Question 4

During elbow flexion, which muscle acts as the prime mover (agonist)?

Accepted Answer

Biceps brachii

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the difference between a synarthrosis and a diarthrosis joint?

Accepted Answer

Synarthrosis joints are immovable, while diarthrosis joints are freely movable.

Question 6

A CT scan reveals a fracture at the lateral condyle of the femur. Which bone is directly involved in this injury?

Accepted Answer

Femur

Question 7

Which equation correctly represents the relationship between force, lever arm length, and torque in muscle movement?

Accepted Answer

$$T = F 	imes r$$

Question 8

Which of the following is a function of the astrocyte in the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining the blood-brain barrier

Question 9

A patient is unable to abduct their arm at the shoulder. Which muscle is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Deltoid

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the sliding filament mechanism of muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Actin filaments slide past myosin filaments, shortening the sarcomere.

Question 11

Which structure is found at the distal end of the ulna?

Accepted Answer

Styloid process

Question 12

Which type of neuroglia is responsible for producing myelin in the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Oligodendrocyte

Question 13

A patient has damage to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). Which joint is affected?

Accepted Answer

Knee joint

Question 14

Which of the following correctly matches the muscle to its primary action?

Accepted Answer

Masseter – Elevation of the mandible

Question 15

Which equation describes the relationship between nerve conduction velocity ($$v$$), distance ($$d$$), and time ($$t$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$v = \frac{d}{t}$$

Question 16

Which of the following structures is part of the pelvic girdle?

Accepted Answer

Ilium

Question 17

A patient presents with loss of sensation in the lateral forearm. Which nerve is most likely involved?

Accepted Answer

Musculocutaneous nerve

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the function of the meniscus in the knee joint?

Accepted Answer

It acts as a shock absorber and stabilizes the joint.

Question 19

Which muscle is primarily responsible for dorsiflexion of the foot?

Accepted Answer

Tibialis anterior

Question 20

Which of the following is a uniaxial joint?

Accepted Answer

Hinge joint

Anatomy & Physiology Exam 2 Study Guide: Skeletal, Articular, Muscular, and Nervous Systems

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