Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of osteoclasts in bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

They resorb bone matrix, releasing calcium into the blood.

Question 2

A patient with a broken femur is immobilized in a cast for several months. What is the most likely effect on the bone tissue in the immobilized limb?

Accepted Answer

The bone will lose mineral salts and collagen fibers, resulting in decreased strength.

Question 3

Which hormone is primarily responsible for increasing blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoclast activity?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Question 4

During endochondral ossification, what is the role of the primary ossification center?

Accepted Answer

It is the first area where bone replaces cartilage in the diaphysis.

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why resistance training is more effective than cardiovascular exercise for bone health?

Accepted Answer

Resistance training applies mechanical stress that stimulates deposition of mineral salts and collagen fibers.

Question 6

A 12-year-old child is experiencing rapid growth in height. Which zone of the epiphyseal plate is primarily responsible for this longitudinal bone growth?

Accepted Answer

Proliferative zone

Question 7

Which of the following statements about compact bone is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is organized into osteons with concentric lamellae for strength and protection.

Question 8

A patient has a tumor that is causing excessive secretion of calcitonin. What is the most likely effect on their blood calcium levels?

Accepted Answer

Blood calcium levels will decrease due to increased calcium deposition by osteoblasts.

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the process of appositional growth in bone?

Accepted Answer

Bone increases in diameter as osteoblasts add new bone tissue beneath the periosteum.

Question 10

Which of the following bones is classified as a flat bone?

Accepted Answer

Sternum

Question 11

A patient with osteoporosis is at increased risk for fractures because:

Accepted Answer

Their bones have reduced density and weakened trabeculae.

Question 12

Which of the following is the correct sequence of bone cell differentiation?

Accepted Answer

Osteogenic cell → Osteoblast → Osteocyte

Question 13

Which structure in a long bone is responsible for anchoring tendons and ligaments?

Accepted Answer

Epiphysis

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why astronauts experience bone loss in microgravity?

Accepted Answer

Lack of mechanical stress leads to decreased deposition of mineral salts and collagen fibers.

Question 15

Which of the following is a function of yellow bone marrow?

Accepted Answer

Storage of triglycerides (fat)

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the role of canaliculi in bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

They allow communication and nutrient/waste transport between osteocytes.

Question 17

A 16-year-old athlete has an injury that damages the epiphyseal plate of his femur. What is the most likely long-term consequence?

Accepted Answer

Impaired longitudinal growth of the femur

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the difference between intramembranous and endochondral ossification?

Accepted Answer

Intramembranous ossification forms bone directly from mesenchymal tissue, while endochondral ossification uses a cartilage template.

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of blood glucose levels

Question 20

A patient with a parathyroid tumor is producing excess PTH. Which of the following laboratory findings would you expect?

Accepted Answer

Elevated blood calcium levels due to increased bone resorption

Bone Tissue and the Skeletal System: Structure, Function, and Development

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