Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a function of bone tissue in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Production of hormones

Question 2

Red bone marrow is primarily responsible for which physiological process?

Accepted Answer

Hemopoiesis

Question 3

Which cell type is responsible for resorbing bone and returning calcium to the bloodstream?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclasts

Question 4

A patient with osteoporosis is most likely experiencing which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Excessive bone resorption by osteoclasts

Question 5

Which equation best represents the mineral composition of bone matrix?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Ca_3$(PO_4$)_2}$$

Question 6

During bone fracture repair, what is the correct sequence of events?

Accepted Answer

Fracture hematoma → Fibrocartilaginous callus formation → Bony callus formation → Bone remodeling

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the role of osteoblasts?

Accepted Answer

Depositing calcium and phosphates into the extracellular matrix

Question 8

What distinguishes bone connective tissue from hyaline cartilage connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

Bone tissue contains calcium in its matrix, while cartilage does not

Question 9

Which process is responsible for the lengthwise growth of cartilage?

Accepted Answer

Interstitial growth

Question 10

A deficiency in collagen fibers in bone matrix would most likely result in which clinical outcome?

Accepted Answer

Bones that are brittle and shatter easily

Question 11

Which equation represents the percentage composition of bone matrix?

Accepted Answer

$$50\%$$ minerals, $$25\%$$ water, $$25\%$$ collagen$

Question 12

Which of the following factors would most likely increase bone calcium density?

Accepted Answer

Adequate dietary intake of calcium and vitamin D

Question 13

Which cell type is embedded within the bone matrix and maintains bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

Osteocytes

Question 14

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the blood supply in bone and cartilage?

Accepted Answer

Bone tissue has extensive blood supply, while cartilage is avascular

Question 15

During appositional growth of cartilage, which cells are responsible for producing new cartilage?

Accepted Answer

Chondroblasts

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the process of calcium resorption?

Accepted Answer

Removal of calcium from bone and release into the blood

Question 17

Which scenario would most likely result in osteomalacia?

Accepted Answer

Deficiency of minerals in bone matrix

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct real-life application of bone physiology?

Accepted Answer

A marathon runner's bones thicken over time due to increased osteoblast activity from repetitive impact

Question 19

Which of the following is TRUE about the epiphyseal plate during bone growth?

Accepted Answer

It is composed of cartilage that is gradually replaced by bone

Question 20

Which cell type is responsible for making cartilage and is found two per lacunae?

Accepted Answer

Chondroblasts

Bone Tissue Physiology: Structure, Function, Growth, and Repair

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