Question 1

Which artery is the direct continuation of the external iliac artery after it passes under the inguinal ligament?

Accepted Answer

Femoral artery

Question 2

A blockage in the left anterior descending artery (LAD) would most directly affect blood supply to which region of the heart?

Accepted Answer

Anterior wall of the left ventricle and interventricular septum

Question 3

Which vessel supplies blood to the brain and arises from the subclavian artery?

Accepted Answer

Vertebral artery

Question 4

If the right coronary artery is dominant, which vessel most commonly gives rise to the posterior descending artery (PDA)?

Accepted Answer

Right coronary artery

Question 5

Which artery is responsible for supplying the majority of the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Superior mesenteric artery

Question 6

A patient has a blockage in the popliteal artery. Which of the following arteries would most likely have reduced blood flow as a result?

Accepted Answer

Anterior tibial artery

Question 7

Which of the following arteries is a branch of the celiac trunk and supplies the spleen?

Accepted Answer

Splenic artery

Question 8

Which artery forms an anastomosis with the right gastroepiploic artery along the greater curvature of the stomach?

Accepted Answer

Left gastroepiploic artery

Question 9

A patient suffers trauma to the upper thigh, damaging the medial circumflex femoral artery. Which structure is most at risk for avascular necrosis?

Accepted Answer

Femoral head

Question 10

Which artery is most likely to be palpated in the anatomical snuffbox of the wrist?

Accepted Answer

Radial artery

Question 11

If a patient has a congenital absence of the ligamentum arteriosum, which fetal structure failed to close after birth?

Accepted Answer

Ductus arteriosus

Question 12

Which artery supplies the perineum and external genitalia and is a branch of the internal iliac artery?

Accepted Answer

Internal pudendal artery

Question 13

A patient presents with ischemia of the lateral forearm. Which artery is most likely occluded?

Accepted Answer

Radial artery

Question 14

Which artery is the main supplier of blood to the gluteal muscles and is a branch of the posterior division of the internal iliac artery?

Accepted Answer

Superior gluteal artery

Question 15

Which vessel is responsible for forming the deep palmar arch in the hand?

Accepted Answer

Anastomosis of the radial and ulnar arteries

Question 16

A patient with atherosclerosis of the abdominal aorta at the level of L4 would have compromised blood flow to which arteries?

Accepted Answer

Common iliac arteries

Question 17

Which artery is a branch of the axillary artery and supplies the deltoid muscle and shoulder joint?

Accepted Answer

Posterior humeral circumflex artery

Question 18

Which artery supplies the anterior chest wall and pericardium and is a branch of the subclavian artery?

Accepted Answer

Internal thoracic artery

Question 19

A patient with a laceration to the superficial palm is bleeding profusely. Which arterial arch is most likely injured?

Accepted Answer

Superficial palmar arch

Question 20

Which artery is responsible for supplying the majority of the transverse colon?

Accepted Answer

Middle colic artery

Cardiovascular System: Structure and Function Study Guide

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