Question 1

Which of the following best describes the three basic functions of the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Sensory input, integration, and motor output

Question 2

A patient suffers damage to the central nervous system (CNS). Which structures are most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Brain and spinal cord

Question 3

Which division of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) is responsible for transmitting impulses from the CNS to effectors such as muscles and glands?

Accepted Answer

Motor (efferent) division

Question 4

Which glial cell is most abundant in the CNS and plays a key role in supporting neurons, regulating the chemical environment, and recycling neurotransmitters?

Accepted Answer

Astrocyte

Question 5

Which glial cell is responsible for forming myelin sheaths in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

Oligodendrocyte

Question 6

A neuron is classified as multipolar. Which of the following best describes its structure?

Accepted Answer

One axon and many dendrites

Question 7

Which neuron type is most abundant in the human body and is primarily found in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

Interneuron

Question 8

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the function of myelin?

Accepted Answer

Myelin increases the speed of nerve impulse transmission

Question 9

Which of the following equations correctly represents the resting membrane potential of a neuron?

Accepted Answer

$$V_{m} = -70\ 	ext{mV}$$

Question 10

During the depolarization phase of an action potential, which ion moves into the cell and what is the effect on membrane potential?

Accepted Answer

Na$$^+$$ enters the cell, causing membrane potential to become more positive

Question 11

Which equation best describes the relationship between the amplitude of a graded potential and the strength of the stimulus?

Accepted Answer

$$A_{GP} \propto S_{stimulus}$$

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why action potentials are propagated in only one direction along an axon?

Accepted Answer

Voltage-gated Na$$^+$$ channels are inactivated in the region just behind the action potential

Question 13

Which of the following is a key difference between graded potentials and action potentials?

Accepted Answer

Graded potentials decay with distance, while action potentials do not

Question 14

A patient presents with a loss of sensation in the skin but retains motor function. Which neuron type is most likely damaged?

Accepted Answer

Sensory (afferent) neuron

Question 15

Which of the following best describes saltatory conduction?

Accepted Answer

Action potentials jump from node to node in myelinated axons

Question 16

Which equation represents the frequency of action potentials as a function of stimulus intensity?

Accepted Answer

$$f_{AP} \propto I_{stimulus}$$

Question 17

Which glial cell is vital for regeneration of damaged peripheral nerve fibers?

Accepted Answer

Schwann cell

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the absolute refractory period?

Accepted Answer

Time during which a neuron cannot trigger another action potential

Question 19

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the effect of axon diameter on conduction velocity?

Accepted Answer

Larger-diameter axons conduct impulses faster due to less resistance

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the function of microglial cells?

Accepted Answer

Phagocytize microorganisms and neuronal debris in the CNS

Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue: Structured Study Notes

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제

학습 가이드 - 플래시카드