Q: Arrange the following structures from superficial to deep in a skeletal muscle: epimysium, perimysium, fascicle, endomysium, myofibril.

$$\text{Epimysium} \rightarrow \text{Perimysium} \rightarrow \text{Fascicle} \rightarrow \text{Endomysium} \rightarrow \text{Myofibril}$$

Q: Which of the following best describes the sequence of events in excitation-contraction coupling?

$$\text{Action potential travels down sarcolemma} \rightarrow \text{Ca}^{2+} \text{ released from sarcoplasmic reticulum} \rightarrow \text{Ca}^{2+} \text{ binds to troponin} \rightarrow \text{Tropomyosin moves} \rightarrow \text{Myosin binding sites exposed}$$

Q: During an action potential in a muscle fiber, which ion moves into the cell during depolarization, and which ion moves out during repolarization?

$$\text{Na}^+ in$$, \text{K}^+$ out

Question 1

Which property of muscle tissue allows it to convert chemical energy into mechanical energy, resulting in movement?

Accepted Answer

Contractility

Question 2

A patient is unable to voluntarily control the contraction of their heart muscle. Which type of muscle tissue is responsible for this involuntary action?

Accepted Answer

Cardiac muscle

Question 3

You are examining a muscle tissue sample under a microscope and observe no striations. Which type of muscle could this be?

Accepted Answer

Smooth muscle

Question 4

Which layer of connective tissue surrounds individual muscle fibers?

Accepted Answer

Endomysium

Question 5

Arrange the following structures from superficial to deep in a skeletal muscle: epimysium, perimysium, fascicle, endomysium, myofibril.

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Epimysium} ightarrow 	ext{Perimysium} ightarrow 	ext{Fascicle} ightarrow 	ext{Endomysium} ightarrow 	ext{Myofibril}$$

Question 6

Which of the following is the smallest contractile unit of a muscle?

Accepted Answer

Sarcomere

Question 7

During muscle contraction, which structure shortens?

Accepted Answer

Sarcomere

Question 8

Which protein blocks the myosin binding sites on actin in a relaxed muscle?

Accepted Answer

Tropomyosin

Question 9

What is the role of calcium ions in muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

They bind to troponin, causing tropomyosin to move and expose myosin binding sites.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the sequence of events in excitation-contraction coupling?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Action potential travels down sarcolemma} ightarrow 	ext{Ca}^{2+} 	ext{ released from sarcoplasmic reticulum} ightarrow 	ext{Ca}^{2+} 	ext{ binds to troponin} ightarrow 	ext{Tropomyosin moves} ightarrow 	ext{Myosin binding sites exposed}$$

Question 11

During an action potential in a muscle fiber, which ion moves into the cell during depolarization, and which ion moves out during repolarization?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Na}^+ in$$, 	ext{K}^+$ out

Question 12

What would happen if a muscle completely ran out of ATP during contraction?

Accepted Answer

After the power stroke, the myosin would remain bound to the actin.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT found in the A band of a sarcomere?

Accepted Answer

Z Disc

Question 14

Which protein is responsible for the elasticity and structural integrity of the sarcomere?

Accepted Answer

Titin

Question 15

A patient is exposed to a toxin that blocks acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction. What is the most likely effect?

Accepted Answer

Muscle contraction will not occur.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the power stroke in the cross-bridge cycle?

Accepted Answer

Myosin pulling the actin filament

Question 17

Which structure in a skeletal muscle fiber has the greatest total surface area?

Accepted Answer

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 18

Which event directly triggers the release of acetylcholine from the axon terminal at the neuromuscular junction?

Accepted Answer

Influx of calcium ions into the axon terminal

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct match between muscle type and its characteristic?

Accepted Answer

Cardiac muscle: involuntary, striated, one nucleus per cell

Muscle Tissue and Physiology: Structure, Function, and Contraction

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