Question 1

Which property of muscle tissue allows it to return to its original length after being stretched or contracted?

Accepted Answer

Elasticity

Question 2

According to the sliding-filament theory, what happens when a muscle fiber contracts?

Accepted Answer

Actin and myosin filaments slide past each other, shortening the sarcomere

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the role of the sodium-potassium pump in generating the resting membrane potential?

Accepted Answer

It maintains a higher concentration of sodium outside and potassium inside the cell

Question 4

During which stage of an action potential does the membrane potential become more positive due to sodium influx?

Accepted Answer

Depolarization stage

Question 5

At the neuromuscular junction, what is the immediate effect of acetylcholine (ACh) binding to receptors on the motor end plate?

Accepted Answer

Sodium ion channels open, allowing sodium to enter the muscle fiber

Question 6

Which step in the contraction cycle directly requires ATP hydrolysis?

Accepted Answer

Cocking of the myosin head

Question 7

Which process is responsible for muscle relaxation after contraction?

Accepted Answer

Active pumping of calcium ions back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 8

Which energy source provides the most immediate supply of ATP for muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Creatine phosphate

Question 9

A muscle fiber is stimulated repeatedly at a high frequency, resulting in a sustained contraction with no relaxation. What is this phenomenon called?

Accepted Answer

Fused (complete) tetanus

Question 10

Refer to the first image (muscle twitch graph). What does the period labeled '2' represent?

Accepted Answer

Contraction period

Question 11

Which type of skeletal muscle fiber is most resistant to fatigue and relies primarily on aerobic metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Type I fibers

Question 12

In the context of muscle contractions, what type of contraction is depicted in image 'a' (plank position)?

Accepted Answer

Isometric

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the contraction shown in image 'b' (sit-up upward movement)?

Accepted Answer

Isotonic concentric

Question 14

In image 'c' (lowering dumbbells in a controlled manner), what type of muscle contraction is primarily occurring in the biceps?

Accepted Answer

Isotonic eccentric

Question 15

Which of the following is a characteristic of cardiac muscle but not skeletal muscle?

Accepted Answer

Intercalated discs

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why ventilation rate remains elevated after intense exercise?

Accepted Answer

To remove excess carbon dioxide and restore oxygen levels (oxygen debt)

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a cause of muscle fatigue?

Accepted Answer

Increased oxygen delivery to muscle

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the effect of endurance training on skeletal muscle?

Accepted Answer

Increases the number of mitochondria and capillaries

Question 19

Which of the following is true regarding smooth muscle compared to skeletal muscle?

Accepted Answer

Smooth muscle contracts involuntarily and lacks striations

Question 20

A patient is unable to relax their muscles after contraction, resulting in muscle stiffness. Which process is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Reuptake of calcium ions into the sarcoplasmic reticulum

Muscle Tissue and Physiology: Study Notes for Anatomy & Physiology

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